124 SUB-HIMALAYAN ROCKS OF N. W. INDIA. [ClIAP. IV. 



denudation for much of the faulting, but I find no sanction for such a 

 supposition ; these northern contact beds are certainly associated with 

 those of Motichoor ridge, which are certainly upper Sivalik, and, though 

 here so little disturbed, have been in fact subject to the full effects 

 of the disturbing forces. In proof of this assertion we find a very 

 rare and important section in the precipitous bank of the Ganges 

 at Raeewala : through the greater part of the cliff the stiff clays and the 

 gravels have a steady south-westerly inclination, evidently the continua- 

 tion of the arrangement in the Motichoor hill, but at the north end of 

 the cliff the same beds are seen to carve raj3idly over to a high north- 

 easterly underlie. As bearing upon the theory of flexures there are two 

 points to be noticed here : — in this Haeewala section we have a normal 

 flexure, apparently part of a feature of some magnitude, but its fold is 

 in the opposite direction to that of the main flexure ; and the Bheemgoda 

 fault, along the axis of the main flexure, does not seem to conform to the 

 axis-plane of that flexure according to the rule laid down by Prof. Rogers 

 (op. cit, p. 897). I obtained but one short section of the actual contact ; 

 the beds on the north were turned up sharply against it, and those on 

 the south were also a good deal crushed, but the underlie of the junction 

 plane was certainly slightly to southwards, or opposite to that of the 

 axis-plane of the Sivalik flexure. The general rule which would apply to 

 this, as well as to other similar cases in these formations, is that the under- 

 lie is towards the harder rock on the upthroiv side, and this would seem 

 to be a possible consequence of the greater yielding of the younger and 

 softer strata, which, moreover, at the time of contortion, were probably 

 subjected to a smaller superincumbent weight. This explanation involves 

 the continuance of the compressing action after the production of the fault. 

 On the east of the Ganges we again find the mode of arrangement that 



mi m. j- t\x • „ usually obtains in the Sivalik range ; the lower beds 

 The Chandi Devi sec- •> & ' 



1ion - on the south have a moderately high dip, and pass 



into the slightly disturbed upper beds on the north or dun side. Along 



