Chap. IV.] nahun and sivalik groups. 135 



Nothing that I have seen in these hills has more impressed upon me 

 the grand scale of these natural operations than the regularity of the 

 great flexures and fissures of the Sub-Himalayan strata, and especially 

 their general independence of the neighbouring mountain contour, unless 

 when brought within its immediate passive influence. 



Although the general structural features are so continuous from the 



The Belaspoor conglo- Sutle J to the south-eastwards, there are very impor- 

 merates ; ^^ lithological changes in the sections. Between 



Budi and Khudi there are only the few beds of coarsish, softish sandstone 

 already mentioned, near the latter place, to represent the bands which 

 near the Sutlej must be 6 or 8,000 feet thick. In the intermediate 

 section, crossed between Nalagurh and Erki, the same beds are more 

 fully represented north of Kamgurh, and again about Saihutti, but still - 

 only feebly, and there are yet no conglomerates among the topmost beds ; 

 next the main boundary north of Saihutti there are just a few strings 

 of pebbles. There can, I think, be no doubt in considering the bands of 

 the Gumrola and the Gumber as one and the same formation ; and the 

 conglomerates seem to belong to the soft coarse sandstones with 

 which they are so closely associated. I cannot but think that both 

 these rocks will yet be separated from the more ancient looking beds 

 which protrude from beneath them ; still I. am unable to make the dis- 

 tinction on the grounds of contrasting degrees of disturbance ; we will 

 see that these very bands of the Gumber and Gumrola expand into the 

 duns and plateaus of the Kangra district, and there flatten out into a 

 more or less horizontal position, but there, as here, they are found 

 turned on end, and inverted, with the older rocks, in the vicinity of the 

 lines of flexure. 



In the composition of these conglomerates about Belaspur there are 



.. some very interesting peculiarities ; recollecting 



position. the intimate relation between the composition of 



the Sivalik conglomerates of the eastern region, and the position of 



