140 SUB-HIMALAYAN ROCKS OF N. W. INDIA. [CHAP. IV. 



hardened by tufa, and occasional strings of small boulders, — turn 



up within a space of 100 feet, from being horizontal to a dip of 



over 80° to south-30°-west ; these beds pass into and overlie a great 



thickness of massive gray soft sandstone, with here and there a 



good sized pebble occurring in it. The section continues most steady 



to near Kot, giving at least 5,000 feet of the upper rocks. Here, 



at the base of Naina Devi, the strata being all but vertical, there 



is a sudden change to dirty red clays, and yellowish brown sandstones, 



like the rocks north-east of Nalagurh. In these the opposite underlie 



soon declares itself, and decreases up the ridge. Passing on to Bubhor 



we find. the same section, but the upper beds here 

 Bubhor. . . . 



consist oi massive conglomerates, with an increased 



thickness of fully ^2,000 feet. To complete the analogy with the 

 Noon we find here other boulder conglomerates lying on the edges of 

 these at a considerable height above the Sutlej. Further on still, near. 

 Una, we again find the yellow, marly clays of the dun turned up with 

 a south-westerly dip, at first so low as 40°, but rapidly increasing nearly 

 to the vertical : conglomerates are here again 

 subordinate, and the passage into the pebbly gray 

 sandstones is rapid, but alternating and quite conformable ; here, 

 moreover, there appears to be a transition between these and the brown 

 earthy sandstones and red clays of which the Naina Devi ridge is formed. 

 The mode of occurrence of the Bubhor conglomerates leaves very little 

 doubt that they are not a remnant of a widespread boulder-deposit, but 

 that it was formed by the Sutlej, having its embouchure at or about its 

 present position, and this rock, with its associated beds, seems to be 

 transitional into the gray pebbly sandstones. Yet this latter rock is, I 

 believe, the same as occurs most extensively to the north of these sec- 

 tions, occupying the duns of the Kangra district, being there, as has 

 already been stated, apparently transitional with the Belaspur conglo- 

 merates ; it is well seen in the valley of the Sutlej, on the north of this 



