142 SUB-HIMALAYAN EOCKS OF N. W. INDIA. [CHAP. IV. 



encroaches upon the ridge ; from where it reaches the crest the ridge dies 



out rapidly, the dip decreasing, and the upper rocks, or at least a portion 



of them (the gray sandstones), spread round the sloping end of the ridge. 



On the north-east side of the ridge, from near the head of the valley 



at Fungwanu, there is a well-marked fault ; the 

 Koseree fault. 



gray sandstone is found dipping against, and appa- 

 rently under the synclinal ridge. This main fault does not extend 

 to the end of the Naina Devi ridge ; it curves slightly to the north, 

 and along it a new ridge rises, having at first a simple south-westerly 

 dip, but it too bends off to the west, and terminates north of Chouki, 

 like the Naina Devi ridge, in a semi-circle of diverging dips of the 

 upper rocks. North-east of the Koseree fault, in the ridge of Sola- 

 Singhee* we have a modified repetition of the Naina Devi ridge. Close 

 to the fault the upper rocks are sometimes nearly flat, but generally 

 inclined at a high angle towards it, and sometimes again at a high angle 

 from it : the fault occurs, I believe, approximately along a synclinal 

 flexure, and thus these conditions of dip depend upon the amount of 

 throw at any point. The south-westerly dip gradually increases to the 

 vertical, and so passes to an opposite underlie (the ridge generally com- 

 mences about this point of the section), and so to 

 Sola-Singhee ridge. . , • , i i i 



the crest of the ridge ; the section throughout has 



been geologically a descending one, or at least the lowest rocks occur on 

 the ridge, though not perhaps at the top. There is no way of explaining 

 such a section but by inversion, — a folded flexure of which, the axis- 

 plane, underlies to the north-east. Along the north-east base of this ridge 

 also there is a well marked fault, passing close to Budsur. I obtained no 



, „ , satisfactory observation of the underlie of these 



Koseree and Budsur ^ 



faults. -two faults of Koseree and of Budsur ; if anything 



out of the vertical position it seemed to me to be towards the ridges. 



• As these ridges are for the most part without names, I have, as a rule, given them the 

 names of temples or forts huilt on their crests. 



