Chap. IV.] nahun and sivalik groups. 149 



stone, and even of the brownish gray sandstone of the narrow band of 

 older Sub -Himalayan rocks. Yet we find these same conglomerates 

 conforming most regularly to a structure that seems to be coeval with the 

 formation of the range, it being as distinctly marked in the youngest as in 

 the oldest rocks ; for several miles up the gorge of the Ravee, the con- 

 glomerates underlie at a high angle to east 15° south. We here only 

 find the bottom pebbly beds, along the edge of the river, the upper 

 coarser beds having no doubt been removed by denudation ; at a short 

 distance off at least, across the river, the same rocks have a moderate 

 dip to the north-north-east, and the conglomerates are well developed. 

 There still remain some observations of much interest to be noticed 



regarding the innermost zone. In the ridge at 

 The innermost zone ; 



Sid the rocks resemble those of the section south of 



Khudi as much as they do anything in the Subathu group ; but the 



newest rocks are here, as in the other zones, to be found along the inner 



boundary. At Mundi there are some thick softish light gray sandstones, 



undistinguishable from the Sivalik rock. It is only however at the very 



head of this wide recess of the Sub-Himalayan area that the highest 



beds of this zone are preserved. From a short way north of Drang to 



about Haurbaug conglomerates and clays are the top rocks of the section. 



. . In the hill at Sih we find the best sections of the 



its conglomerates near 



the Beas ; uppermost beds ; they are very massive banks of 



coarse breccia rather than conglomerate, being composed of large and 

 small angular debris of the cherty limestone and of the pink sandstone 

 occurring at the contact close by, in the outermost band of the Lower 

 Himalayan rocks. These beds dip at 40° to eastwards, and they overlie 

 thick strata of clay and of fine sandstone-conglomerate, in which the 

 debris is chiefly of the hard, inner rocks, and well rounded, but contain- 

 ing in the upper beds a mixture of sub-angular pebbles of the limestone, 

 thus in a manner graduating into the breccias at top. The peculiarly 

 local character of these beds is very remarkable, and even requires some 



