BUNDELCUND. 7 



The striking feature along the entire line of contact is the steady over- 

 lap of the Kymore sandstone on to the granite, at 

 Vindhyan overlap. . 



a very constant actual horizon, covering in the 



lower formations. To a practised eye this will appear at once from the 



map ; on the prominent head-lands, and outlines of the table-land, the 



Vindhyan rocks are seen touching, while in the deeply cut valleys the 



blue of the Semri series occurs. 



This might be the result of two very different conditions of the lower 



group ; either the more or less oblique bevelment 

 Its cause. , . 



of the strata and the deposition, on their edn;es, 



of the succeeding group — or else that junction is more of a simple 



overlap, the Semri group having originally died out along this line. 



The facts seem to me to lead rather to the latter conclusion. 



As a reason for distinguishing formations, such a separation of the 



Vindhyans from all below them, although so com- 

 Consequence. 



plete and over so great an area, might not, with- 

 out joint evidence, be sufficient; and along many sections this veto 

 might be maintained as regards the Kymore and their immediate sub- 

 jacents, for the overlap is sometimes perfectly normal, the lower beds 

 gradually thinning out are conformably overlaid by the massive sand- 

 stone. This relationship between the two will be further developed, 



but I make the separation, first, because these 

 Grounds of grouping. 



Semri rocks are generally much disturbed, where 



they are undoubtedly covered by the perfectly horizontal Vindhyans ; 

 secondly and chiefly, on account of the eccentric behaviour of the upper 

 members of the Semri formation— the Tirhowan limestones and Pulkoa 

 schists — particularly the former; arguing either extensive faulting, 

 denudation, or very peculiar circumstances of deposition. The first of 

 these reasons is also a doubtful one— it is a very debateable point in 

 geological dynamics, to what extent original conformity may be des- 

 troyed between alternating yielding and resisting masses, and the esta- 



