Vaux.—On the Probable Origin of the Maori Races. 49 
auanei for the future in Tahitian and Hawaiian, and shews that te (the 
article before substantive nouns) and one of the local adverbs néi (here) or 
ra (there) seem, as it were, to embrace the Polynesian verb, so as to make 
it resemble a substantive accompanied by a demonstrative pronoun. | The 
te before, and néi after the verb, makes the present in Tahitian, and te and 
ra, similarly placed, makes the imperfect. Occasionally, too, the adverbs 
are combined together, as, te first, then the verb, and then néi ra, The 
particles é and i are the most frequent auxiliaries to the Polynesian conju- 
gation ; they are found with all the tenses, excepting that i is not used 
with the future : they are found alone, or, joined with an adverb of time or 
place, are attached to the verb. In Tahitian, he gives the following uses— 
é—verb—ai—forming the future (in Maori, perfect and future ; in Hawaiian, 
imperfect and future ; in Rarotongan, ¢...... éi). 
i......ai—present and perfect (same in Maori and Hawaiian ; in Rarotongan 
Sg a): 
peg néi—present (in Hawaiian, present and future ; Rarotongan, present). 
to néi—present (in Rarotongan, imperfect). 
t......na—perfect 
é......ra—imperfect and perfect (Hawaiian, ¢...... la, present). 
Fie ra—perfec 
ua....ra—present and past. 
ra (alone after the verb), the past (so, la in Hawaiian). 
The particles e and 7, exhibit a peculiar construction throughout all the 
‘Polynesian dialects, with the exception of the Tongan, viz., that the 
subject, when it precedes the verb, is combined with one of the three 
prepositions, marking the genitive, and terminating in a; as, a, na, or ta, 
When the subject is represented by a personal pronoun (see, before the 
forms, a, 0; na, no; ta, to;) it takes the form of the possessive. But this 
construction is not found in negative or interrogative phrases. 
The imperative is indicated in Tahitian by ¢ (as in Maori and Hawaiian), 
a (the ka of Maori and Rarotongan), ia (the kia of Maori), or ¢ placed 
before the verb; the last two particles being, in fact, the conjunction 
“that,” and the preposition indicative of motion. 4 joins itself with na 
after the verb. In Tahitian, as in Maori and Tongan, the verb, without 
any special sign, serves for the imperative. The Marquesan has the same 
simplicity of mood, with the use of é, a3, noho o¢, sit down (you, singular) ; 
noho, sit down (you, plural). The conjunction ia expresses the third person, 
as, ia tapu to oéinoa, hallowed be thy name (Maori, kia tapu tou ingoa). 
The prohibitory particles of the imperative, are, in Tahitian, auna (oua in 
F 
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