386 Transactions.—Geology. 
On the other hand, Pecten radiatus, which at present has only been 
found at Stewart Island, occurs fossil in the Wanganui pleistocene beds. 
There is, however, a considerable balance of evidence in favour of the 
climate of Cook Strait having been, in pleistocene times, warmer than the 
present climate of Otago. 
In the newer pliocene beds of Shakespeare Cliff, Wanganui, we find, in 
addition to twelve of the foregoing, the following additional species :— 
Murex zealandicus Pleurotoma buchanani. 
Fusus pensum. Crypta costata, 
» australis. »  profunda. 
» mandarinus. Buccinulus kirkt. 
5, dilatatus. alba. 
», littorinoides. Dosinia lambata. 
Pleurotoma nove zealandia. 
all of which live north of Cook Strait, but none of them are known from 
Otago. However, in the same beds, Plewrotoma levis and Pecten radiatus 
also occur, which at present are only know to live in Foveaux Strait. 
the whole then the evidence is against the idea that a colder climate for- 
merly obtained in New Zealand. 
But this is not all, for the following species, none of which are now 
found alive in Otago, have survived from the miocene period, as they occur 
in upper miocene rocks (Pareora formation) between Cook Strait and 
Dunedin. 
Fusus australis. Crypta costata. 
> mandarinus. »»  contorta. 
» ilatatus. »  profunda. 
55 nodosus, var. [3. Cylichna striata. 
Pleurotoma buchanani. Mactra inflata. 
Voluta gracilis. Zenatia acinaces. 
Struthiolaria scutulata. 
Turritella vittata. 
Venus zealandica. 
Mysia zealandica. 
On the other hand, there is in the Museum a Cominella from the 
miocene beds of Waikari in Canterbury, which appears to be identical with 
an undescribed species from Campbell Island. 
As none of the shells in these lists can now live on the Otago coasts, we 
have every reason to suppose that if the sea at Monganui had ever been . 
reduced to the present temperature of that at Dunedin, they could not have 
lived there either, and consequently they would have become extinct in 
New Zealand. 
Now, as 27 out of these 86 shells are littoral species found only in New 
Zealand, we should have to suppose, if the extension of the glaciers was 
