82 Address. [Feb. 



Trans-Frontier and other Geographical work. — Taming now to other 

 geographical work in Indian territories or in the countries adjoining 

 our frontier, as recorded in the Journals and Proceedings of the principal 

 European Geographical Societies, and proceeding from east to west. 



Tonauin and French Cambodia. — The subject of the navigation of 

 the Upj3er Mekong is attracting the attention of French geographers 

 and officials. M. Pavie, the Vice-Consul of France at Luang Prabang, 

 has succeeded a second time in travelling from Laos to Tonquin along 

 the Black River. He ascended the Namu, a tributary of the Mekong, 

 and from there reached Shan Territory. MM. Blanchet and de Fesigny 

 have navigated in a small steamer the Preapatang rapids, hitherto re- 

 garded as impassable. M. de Fesigny has prepared a map of the Upper 

 Mekong. M. Gauthier has successfully navigated the river from Luang 

 Prabang to Khong, and proposes to establish two lines of steamers, one 

 from Khong to Kemmarab, a distance of 185 miles, and the other from 

 the latter point to the rapids 37 miles below Luang Prabang, a distance of 

 370 miles. During the season of high water, vessels of a mean tonnage 

 can navigate the river as far as Stung- Treng. The object of these 

 lines and other projects for the navigation of this great river is to 

 prevent the diversion of the trade of the Laos country to Burma. 



Siam. — Mr. J. M'Carthy, Superintendent of Surveys in Siam, con- 

 tributes to the Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society an in- 

 teresting account of that country and of his journeys in the Malay 

 Peninsula and the N. E. of Siam. The paper is accompanied by a map 

 of Siam which is a very valuable contribution to our hitherto limited 

 knowledge of that country. 



A very interesting account of the Chieng-mai country, between the 

 Salwin and the Mekong, by Mr. Archer, the Vice-Consul at Chieng-mai, 

 has been recently published in Parliamentary Papers (Siam No. 2, 1888). 

 Mr. Archer visited Nan, the most eastern of the Lao States, through a 

 country hitherto almost un visited by Europeans. 



Upper Burma. The principal explorations in Upper Burma have 

 already been noticed, but mention should be made of a very interesting 

 description by Mr. Robert Gordon, which appears in the Proceedings 

 B. G. S., of the celebrated Ruby Mines, near Mogok, and of the country 

 in their neighbourhood which has so long been a sealed tract to European 

 travellers and trading enterprise, but has now been fully explored and 

 mapped by the Survey of India Department. 



Lower Burma. — The Scottish Geographical Magazine, for September 

 last, gives an interesting abstract of the explorations in Tenasserim from 

 Moulmeinto Mount Mulai, the southernmost peak of the Dona Mountains, 

 undertaken by Signor Leonardo Fea, who made large zoological and 



