Carex.] Cyperacece. IOC/' 



Moist region up to 4000 ft.; common. Fl. Feb., March. 



Also in E. Bengal, Burma, Malaya, Nicobar Is., Polynesia. 



There are two forms of this species in Herb. Peraden.; one, Icete- 

 brunnea, Clarke in Fl. B. Ind., with ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, or 

 shortly awned glumes and large utricles, the other with short, broad, very 

 long-awned glumes and smaller utricles, intermediates occur. — J. D. H. 



13. C. Lindleyana, Nees in Wight, Contrib. 121 (1834). 



C. cruciata, Thw. Enum. 355 (part) (non Wahlb.). C. P. 3161. 

 Fl. B. Ind. vi. 721. Boott, Carex, t. 34 (C. thyrsiflord). 



Rootstock short, woody, stoloniferous, root-fibres stout ; 

 stem 6-24 in., stout or slender, trigonous, angles smooth, 

 leafy ; 1. shorter than the stem, broad (up to § in.) or narrow, 

 acuminate, softly coriaceous, margins smooth ; lower sheaths 

 pale; infl. of 2 forms, elongate, 6-12 in., bipinnately branched 

 peduncles with divaricate spikes and spikelets, or infl. short, 

 consisting of peduncled, ovoid or oblong, lobed fascicles of 

 crowded spikelets ; bracts leafy, lower shorter than the infl. ; 

 spikelets \-\ in., chestnut-brown, shining, most of them with 

 concolourous male tips ; fem. glumes shorter than the utricles, 

 ovate or oblong, subacute, rarely cuspidate ; utricle spreading, 

 \-^ in. long, straight or curved, ovoid or ellipsoid, trigonous, 

 many-veined, narrowed into a compressed bifid, flattened 

 beak as long as the body, margins of beak smooth or scabrid, 

 very young sparsely hairy; nut ellipsoid, obtuse, trigonous, 

 pale brown, style as long as the nut, stigmas 3, rather long. 



Upper montane zone, on the patanas ; very common, ascending to 

 7200 ft. Fl. Sept., Dec, Feb. 



Also in the Nilgiri Hills. 



Differs from C. indica in the smaller size, chestnut-brown shining 

 spikelets of most specimens, soft small foliage, and never awned fem. glumes. 

 The difference in the infl. of two forms of this species is great, in one the 

 peduncles bear triangular panicles up to 2 inches broad, of bipinnately 

 arranged spikelets; in the other, the infl. is in dense oblong fascicles, 

 1-1^ in. long. There are also in both forms considerable difference in 

 the utricle, from ellipsoid with a straight beak to narrower, decurved, 

 and approaching that of C. filicina. Neither Thwaites nor Trimen, 

 however, seemed to have regarded these forms as varieties. — J. D. H. 



14. C. zeylanica, Boeck. in Linnoea, xl. 341 (1876) {ceylanica). 



C. cruciata, Thw. Enum. 355 (in part) (non Wahlb.). C. filicina, 

 var. (?) microgyna, Clarke in Fl. B. Ind. vi. 718 (the Ceylon plant only). 

 C. P. 820 (in part). 



Fl. B. Ind. vi. 719. 



Rootstock woody, creeping, root-fibres very stout; stems 

 tufted, slender, 6-18 in., trigonous, leafing upwards; 1. shorter 

 than the stem, 3-10 in., up to \ in. broad, acuminate (tips not 

 finely attenuate), fiat, margins smooth, lower sheaths short, 

 red-brown ; infl. of few simple spikelets, or panicles of loosely 

 spicate red-brown spikelets \-\ in. long, many with male at 



