336 Characters of the Orders. 



Erect, unisexual herbs . . clxii. Arace^e, iv. 343. 

 Scandent, bisexual shrubs . Rhaphidophora, iv. 361. 



Submergedaquatic herb, spathe 



hyaline . . . . . Ruppia, iv. 374. 



Spathes several, scandent shrubs, 



fl. unisexual .... CXL. Pandanace^E, iv. 338. 



Spadices naked, monoecious, fl. im- 

 mersed in hairs . . . CXLI. TYPHACE^E, iv. 342. 

 Submerged aquatics, fl. axillary, uni- 

 sexual. 

 Fl. solitary, carpel 1, fresh or 



brackish water . . . Naias, iv. 375. 



Fl. solitary or cymose, carpels 2, 



salt water .... Cymodocea, iv. 376. 



Series III. — G-lumal. Fl. small or minute, solitary, sessile in 

 the bracts (glumes) of spikes; perianth o, or of usually very minute 

 scales or of bristles ; stam. 1-3, very rarely more ; ov. i-celled, 

 i-ovuled. Sedges and grasses. 



Stem trigonous or terete, l.-sheaths 

 „ usually closed, anth. basifixed, 



embryo in the base of floury 



endosperm CXLVin. Cyperace^e, v. 12. 



Stem terete or compressed, l.-sheaths 



usually split to the base, anth. 



dorsifixed versatile, embryo on 



the side of floury endosperm . CXLIX. Gramine^e, v. 113. 



B. 



Diagnostic Characters of the Orders to which the 

 Flowering Plants of Ceylon belong, in the sequence* 

 adopted by Dr. Trimen in this Hand-book. 



Class I.— DICOTYLEDONS. 



A. POLYPETALOUS (Orders I-LXV.) 



Series I. — Thalamifloral. — Fl. mostly regular and bisexual; 

 cal. inf., of distinct sep. or partite. Pet. distinct or united at the very 

 base only, hypog. Torus rarely expanded into a disk. Stam. 

 hypog. Ov. sup. (inf. in Ancistrocladece), immersed in the torus in 

 NymphcEacece. 



* The sequence is that of Bentham and Hooker's 'Genera Plantarum.' 

 As stated by Dr. Trimen in Part I., Introd. p. 1, 'only such characters are 

 given as are shown by the species found in Ceylon. 



