348 Characters of the Orders. 



C. Monochlamydeous (Orders CII.-CXXII.) 



Perianth single, lobes or segments i-seriate, or if 2-seriate both 

 usually calycine, rarely perianth o. 



§ i. Embryo annular, curved, or folded; endosp. mealy or soft. 



CI I. NyctaginEjE. — Fl. dioecious or bisex. Perianth inf.; segm. 5, 

 coloured, imbric, plaited in bud, tube persist. Stam. 2-10, hypog., 

 exserted. Ov. 1 -celled; ovule 1, erect; style slender. Fr. membranous. 

 Cotyled. large, folded round soft endosp. — Herbs or shrubs ; 1. subopp., 

 entire; stip. o; fl. cymose or umbellate, iii. 389. 



CIII. Amarantace^e. — Fl. rarely unisex. Sep. inf., 5, scarious or 

 subherbaceous, imbric, persist. Stam. 1-5, opp. sep.; fil. distinct or 

 connate with interposed staminodes. Ov. i-celled, ovules 1 or more, 

 funicles basal. Fr. a utricle; seed erect. — Herbs or undershrubs; 1. opp. 

 or alt.; stip. o; fl. bracteate and 2-bracteolate. iii. 392. 



CIV. CHENOPODIACE.E. — Fl. uni- or bi-sex. Perianth inf.; segm. 

 4-5, or o in fem., distinct or connate, imbric, persist. Stam. 1 or 5, 

 hypog. or perig. Ov. 1 -celled, i-ovuled; styles 2-3. Fr. a membra- 

 nous utricle. Seed vertical or horizontal, endosp. mealy, or scanty, 

 or a. — Herbs or undershrubs; 1. alt. or opp., or o; fl. small, axillary, 

 iii. 406. 



CV. POLYGONACEiE. — Fl. rarely unisex. Perianth inf., 4-5 -cleft, 

 often col'd., imbric. persist. Stam. 4, 5, 8, perig. Ov. 1 -celled; ovule 1, 

 basal ; styles 2 or 3. Fr. a trigonous or biconvex nutlet ; embryo 

 lateral, endosp. floury — Herbs or undershrubs; 1. alt; stip. sheathing; 

 fl. axillary, spicate, capitulate, or cymose, bracteate. iii. 410. 



§ 2. Submerged aquatics. 



CVI. PODOSTEMONACEiE. — Perianth small or o. Stam. 1, 2, 3,. 

 hypog.; fil. connate below. Ov. 2-3-celled; ovules many; styles 2 or 3. 

 Caps, septicidally 2-3-valved. Endosp. o. — Herbs attached to rocks in 

 rapid streams ; stem fleshy, flattened or broadly dilated and thalloid ; fl. 

 solitary, minute, iii. 415. 



§ 3. Terrestrial herbs or shrubs ; ov. simple or syncarp., many-ovuled. 



CVI I. NEPENTHACEiE. — Fl. dioecious. Perianth inf., deeply 4-cleft. 

 Stam. 8, monadelph. ; anth. opening extrorsely. Ov. 4-celled ; placent. 

 on the septa, many-ovuled; stigma sessile, lobed. Caps, loculicidally 

 4-valved. Seeds tailed at both ends. — Shrub, climbing by pitcher-bear- 

 ing tendrils at the tips of the 1.; 1. alt.; stip. o; fl. panicled. iii. 419. 



CVI 1 1. ARlSTOLOCHlACEiE— Fl. regular or not. Perianth sup., 3-cleft, 

 or tubular and 1-2-lipped. Stam. 6-9 ; anth. sessile round the very short 

 style. Ov. 4-6-celled, many-ovuled. Caps. 4- or 6-valved. Seeds trigonous, 

 furrowed. — Herbs or shrubs; 1. alt.; stip. o; fl. axillary, iii. 421. 



§ 4. Ov. various, carpels i-ovuled, solitary, or several apocarp. 



CIX. Piperace^e. — Fl. uni- or bi-sex. Perianth o. Stam. 1-3, anth.- 

 cells distinct or confluent. Ov. 1 -celled; ovule 1, erect; styles 2-6. Fr. 

 small, globose or subglobose, dry or epicarp succulent. Embryo minute, 

 endosp. hard. — Herbs or shrubs, often climbing ; 1. alt., opp., or whorled; 

 fl. minute, spicate. iii. 423. 



