354 Characters of the Orders. 



frond, naked or in a sheath. Perianth o. Male fl.: — stam. I or 2 ; anth_ 

 1- or 2-celled. Fern, fl.: — ov. 1 -celled; style short, stigma truncate o 

 infundibular, ovules 1-7, basal. Fr. a membranous utricle. Seeds ribbed j. 

 endosp. o ; embryo cylindric. iv. 366. 



Series VI. Apocarpous. — Perianth 1-2-seriate, or o. Ov. sup.,. 

 of one or more distinct 1- or more-ovuled carpels. Endosperm o. 



CXLIV. Triuride^e. — Fl. unisex. Perianth inf., 4-8-partite; segrru 

 valvate in bud, persist. Stam. 3-8 ; anth. subsessile, cells confluent. 

 Ov. of many, distinct, i-ovuled carpels; styles ventral or basal, persist. 

 Fr. a head of minute 1 -seeded carp., pericarp hard or soft. Embryo 

 minute, globose, endosp. hard. — Leafless, subsimple, wiry saprophytes; 

 infl. racemose or corymbose, iv. 367. 



CXLV. Alismace^e. — Fl. uni- or bi-sex. Perianth, inf., 6-partite in 



2 series; sep. 3, herbaceous, persist.; pet. 3, involute in bud, deciduous. 

 Stam. 6-9, perig.; anth. versatile. Ov. of few or many, distinct, i-ovuled 

 carp. ; styles short. Fr. of many achenes. Endosp. o. Embryo hooked. 

 — Perennial, marsh or aquatic plants ; 1. radical, entire ; fl. whorled or 

 umbelled. iv. 369. 



^CXLVI. Naiade^e. — Fl. uni- or bi-sex., often inconspicuous, naked 

 or in a sheath. Perianth inf., tubular or of 1 or more segm., or o. Stam. 

 1-4 or 6, hypog. or perig.; anth. 1-2-celled. Ov. of 1-4, i-ovuled, free 

 carp. Fr. apocarp. Seed erect or pendulous ; endosp. o; embryo macro- 

 podous. — Fresh- or salt-water herbs, of various habit, foliage, and infl. 

 iv. 371- 



Series VII. G-lumaceae. — Fl. in the imbricating bracts of 

 heads or spikelets, uni- or bi-sexual. Perianth o, or of minute 

 scales, or of bristles, rarely with sheathing bracteoles (biseriate in 

 Eriocauloneee). Ov. sup., i-celled, i-ovuled, or in Eriocaulonece. of 



3 i-ovuled cells. Endosp. copious. 



CXLVII. Eriocaulonece. — Fl. minute, in involucrate heads, uni- 

 sex. Perianth of usually 6 membranous sep. in 2 series. Stam. 6 or 

 fewer. Ov. sup., 3-lobed, 3-celled. Fr. a membranous, loculicidally 

 3-valved caps. — Scapigerous herbs; 1. narrow, v. 1. 



CXLVIII. Cyperace^E. — Fl. in spikelets of imbric. bracts (glumes), 

 uni- or bi-sex. Perianth o, or of hypog. scales or bristles. Stam. 1-3, 

 anth. basifixed. Ov. sup. (enclosed in a utricle in Carex); style 1, stigmas 

 2-3 ; ovule erect. Fr. indehisc. Embryo in base of copious endosp. — 

 Grass-like herbs ; stem terete or 3-angled; 1. narrow, sheath entire, v. 12. 



CXLIX. Gramine^e. — Fl. in spikelets of imbric. bracts (glumes), 

 uni- or bi-sex. Perianth of 2 or more minute, hypog. scales, or o. 

 Stam. 3, rarely 1, 2, or many; anth. versatile. Ov. sup.; styles 2 

 (rarely 1), distinct or united below, stigmas penicillate or feathery; 

 ovule erect. Fr. indehisc. Seed usually adherent to the membranous 

 or coriaceous pericarp. Embryo towards the base and outside of copious 

 floury endosp. — Grasses ; stem terete or compressed ; 1. usually narrow,, 

 sheath split to the base. v. 113. 



