THE BOTANY OF BERMUDA. 39 
TABLE II.—Conditions of temperature and rainfall affecting vegetation in Bermuda.* 
Temperature of | Temperature of | = 
the air. the soil. q 
a 
~ 
6 12 g 
9 a.m.) 3p. M-| inches, | inches. 2 
e} fe} fe} oO In. 
ARTE TINY 5 os co SABO Ca So SU GG OB OUDE ITI OOH EOECOC CDOS TORO BUEEUEOApoRE 64. 0 65. 5 62. 0 62.5 3.8 
LEI DTEERAY. « sno codcoddbooooA De boehbeSor oH OGoUn easuEEspEeneEacsine 63.7 65.1 61.1 61.4 4.2 
NTC Np lapeee yololemetaee sive ciaiclejcis/ejeiaiaislaie seis wpoitinimmaibintalalereymere aie wine 63. 8 65.5 61.5 61.5 3.6 
JAH os Ss eceoS Matalatelalelsratolalsataiatetaielstlais intel areiotataiatslevat aia atelattal states 67.4! 69.3 64.8 64.9 BAR 
WEN oondasecsocsoposopdamssoasnpbetbanoecoooEosaanecedsosesoadee 72.0 W3no 69.9 69. 5 4.1 
RUNING eet aes eta clocicto miele tenn ciclntains o Wiclbola cele ewieielocamineitine eee 76.8 78.8 74.5 73.9 Bie: 
TIGIRY croc ap SEU OS USE ES OTE e a e a ee a eye me eg IAN pe URLS FAB RPC WO EERSY lly CBG) |) 
SARIS Ue eetiniects elses c ciaisio ae eee ices een tara lsiaeiaiinteienal eats 8 82.5 84.2 79.1 79. 2 3.9 
SWS IMNITO? 4 = oASGdod eRe bss DO BE EO EB SCH BOS CUED EOESer SSE mckeias 80. 2 81.9 pot 76.9 4.8 
OYCNOIGIR: ss ¢ CB COR CD AOE SOR ECE SEE CEE CE SE ESSE eae ee ser mice 75, 5 76.7 73.4 73.7 6.7 
TONGAN GLEE SS SEERA RS a eae a RS a 69. 8 71. 1: 67.2 68.1 5.7 
BNE COM Deke a eae selec ae OE eee Ue Seis cciSie WAS Sims ciatacjoete 65. 4 66. 4 62.9 63. 2 4.0 
71.9! 73.4| 693] 694| 514 
*The mean temperatures are given by observations extending (with some lacune) from August, 
1855, to March, 1877. The temperature of the soil at 6 inches is the mean between observations at 9 
a.m. and 5p. m., apparently the hours of extreme daily range. The temperature at 12 inches is that 
at9a.m.; the daily range at this depth is under 0°.5, and is about the mean at 9a. m. 
The earth temperatures are probably very near the true mean temper- 
atures of the air. The rainfall is not the same all over the island. It 
is decidedly greater in the broader and more wooded region towards the 
center than at either extremity, and is least about the light-house, where 
the island is narrow and comparatively denuded of wood. There are 
grounds for supposing, also, that the mean temperature at the east end, 
probably under the influence of the cold northeast winds of winter, is 
lower than in the central regions; but these are niceties not affecting 
the present question. 
Under the conditions of climate thus briefly described the cocoanut 
and sugar-cane grow, but not to perfection. The writer had no success 
with pine-apples, although they were formerly grown in Bermuda. The 
orange, lemon, lime, fig, mango, banana, pawpaw, avocado pear, pome- 
granate, loquat, litchi, and the anona family come to perfection. Straw- 
berries and excellent celery, with all ordinary vegetables of the table, 
thrive in the winter. Apples, pears, plums, cherries, almonds, apricots, 
nectarines are a complete failure. The raspberry and blackberry die 
out, and neither rhubarb nor asparagus can be grown to any satisfae- 
tion. The peach, although not now actually produced, all the trees in 
the island being infested by the peach fly, was very abundant twenty 
years ago, and therefore differs from other stone fruits, in being suitable 
to the climate. 
The reader of the following list will notice frequent references to “the 
