108 THE BOTANY OF BERMUDA. 
CIII.—ARISTOLOCHIACE ZA. 
Aristolochia trilobata, Linn. Birthwort; Dutchman’s pipe. 
At Mount Langton and at the Naval Hospital, Ireland Island. Intro- 
duced from the West Indies. The name has reference to its supposed 
virtues in parturition. 
CIV .—JUGLANDEZ 
Juglans nigra, Linn. Black walnut. 
One or two specimens are extant at Par-la-ville. The name comes 
from Jovis glans, Lat., the nut of Jove. 
CV.—CUPULIFER &. 
Quercus alba? Linn. 
There was a healthy young tree'at or near Par-la-ville, Hamilton, in 
1875 
The following species, received from the Botanical Gardens, Cam- 
bridge, Mass., were planted in the grounds of Mount Langton in 1872, 
but with little promise of permanency: Quercus aquatica, Walt.; Q. 
Catesbei, Michx.; Q. cinerea, Michx.; Y.nigra, Linn. The plants lingered 
until 1877, but made no ) growth. 
GYMNOSPERM A. 
CV1I.—CONIFERZ. 
Juniperus Bermudiana, Lun. Bermuda cedar. (J. Barbadensis, Linn.) 
The characteristic native forest tree of the Bermudas, which still 
clothes a very large part of the entire area of the islands. It owes its. 
universality and its success in the struggle for existence apparently to 
its power of withstanding the gales of wind for which the Bermudas 
have always been famous. This power again is due to the little resist- 
ance offered by the foliage, to the hardness and toughness of the wood, 
and to the remarkable power possessed by the roots of holding on to 
the rocks and penetrating their interstices. It can also extract nourish- 
ment from almost pure lime, such as coral sands newly thrown up. Ce- 
dar roots are said to exist in situ in places along the outer reefs, They 
have certainly been found at 3 to 5 fathoms depth in Elies Harbor 
and in Hamilton Harbor. Cedar wood in a condition approaching 
lignite was found at a depth of 47 feet below low-water mark in dredg- 
ing for a bed for the Bermuda dock. The length of time necessary for 
a subsidence of 47 feet indicates a very long prevalence of the same con- 
ditions. The cedar formerly attained a very great size; planks of 32 
