49 

 described species were compared to an unrelated species in 



the original description. This made determinations based 



on the literature impossible, and the type specimens had to 



be studied. 



A different appearing color pattern did not 

 necessarily mean the specimen was a different species. For 

 example, a species may have two spots on each elytron. 

 When these spots are enlarged, they blend together and form 

 a band. Differences based on changes in pattern due to the 

 spot size generally were not specific. 



In other cases, a spot which varied in its location, 

 generally indicated a specific difference. For example, in 

 two closely related species the only color pattern 

 difference is that one species has a humeral spot touching 

 the base and the other has a subhumeral spot well removed 

 from the base. In I. scriptus, I. proximus, I. palliatus, 

 and I. incertus, the relative position of the pronotal 

 spots and the shape of the circle they form is useful in 

 determining species. 



Written descriptions cannot convey the exact details 

 of these patterns the way an illustration does. Every 

 species and many variations are here illustrated. In some 

 cases the differences are subtle, but they are constant and 

 correlate with other morphological differences. Care 

 should be taken when comparing any specimen to these 

 illustrations because of color pattern variations mentioned 

 above, and ones not yet known. 



