26 PBOOEEDINaS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. 43. 



Color: The stem and branches are very light buffy, the polyps 

 bright red, nearly scarlet. 



Localities.— Stsition 4815; Niigata Light, S. 25° E., 21.5 miles; 70 

 fathoms. Station 4894; Ose Saki Light, N. 41° E., 5 miles; 95 fath- 

 oms. Station 4934; Sata Misaki Light, N. 77.5° E., 7 miles; 152-103 

 fathoms. Station 4935; Sata Misaki Light, N. 58° E., 4.5 miles; 

 103 fathoms. 



Typ^-locality. — China Sea. 



Another specimen, from station 4935, is much larger, 13 cm. long, 

 and shows the general mode of branching to be irregularly dendritic. 



Order PENNATULACEA. 



Colonial forms not permanently attached to the bottom, or to other 

 objects. Stem with an axial cavity which is often longitudinally sub- 

 divided by thin partitions, and contams an axis cylinder. Spicules 

 needle-like or bar-like, never warty. Both polyps and siphonozooids 

 are generally present.^ 



FamUy PENNATULIDiE KoUiker. 



Axis and pmnse present, the latter large, and without calcareous, 

 ray-like bodies. Colony pinnate. Zooids on ventral and lateral 

 sides of the rachis. 



Genus PTILOSARCUS Gray. 



Calyx with two marginal teeth. Polyps without spicules. 



PTILOSARCUS BREVICAULIS, new species. 



Plate 4, figs. 3, 3a. 



A typical specimen from station 4876, preserved in formalin, meas- 

 ures 18 cm. in total length, of which the stem constitutes 5.2 cm. 

 The stem is spindle-formed, being greatly inflated a little above its 

 middle, and greatly constricted just below the rachis and at its lower 

 end. Greatest diameter of stem 2 cm. Diameter just below the 

 pinnae 6 mm. 



This character seems constant in all the specimens secur.ed, and is 

 doubtless due partly to contraction ; but nevertheless it is much more 

 pronounced than in P. quadrangularis. 



The stem is strongly furrowed longitudinally. Eachis very much 

 inflated, and nearly round in section, with the exception of the dorsal 

 and ventral grooves. Its greatest dorso- ventral diameter is 2.5 cm. 

 and the diameter from side to side is almost exactly the same. There 



1 Hawaiian Alcyonaria, Nutting, 1908, p. 557. The definitions of families and genera of the Pennatulacea 

 are mostly adapted from those given by KoUiker in his Anatomisch-Systematische Beschreibung der 

 Alcyonaria, Die Pennatulideu, 1872; and the report on the Challenger Pennatulacea, by the same author. 



