62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol. 43. 



The calyces are ordinarily in whorls of 3, the 3 being on front and 

 sides of the branch, usually leaving the back free from polyps. There 

 are 8 to 10 whorls to the cm. On thicker parts of branches whorls of 

 4, rarely 5, are seen. They are seldom in pairs, except at the very 

 ends of the twigs. The individual calyces are strongly curved, their 

 distal ends turned toward the branch. They are 1.5 mm. long, 

 measuring with dividers across the curve, and about 1 mm. in oper- 

 cular diameter. The scales are well marked, apparently imbricating 

 and with their surfaces covered with pointed granules. The calyx 

 margin is quite even, being squarely cut off all around, although the 

 abaxial scales may form slight rounded lobes. The abaxial rows 

 contain usuall}?" 6, sometimes 5, scales; outer lateral with one large 

 distal scale and sometimes another proximal one. Occasionally one 

 or two small inner laterals can be seen, but they are not constant. 



There are no adaxials. 



The operculum is strong, dome-shaped, with scales thick, heavily 

 granulated, with large basal lateral lobes and narrowing distally to a 

 comparatively slender point. The basal edges of the abaxials overlap 

 the outer laterals, and these overlap the inner laterals. The adaxial 

 opercular scales are shorter than the others, but are not overlapped 

 by their points. 



The scales on the twig surfaces are rounded, fiat, rather large and 

 granulated like those of the calyces. 



Color: The axis is light green with a golden luster. The general 

 color of the calyces and branches is tan-brown. 



Localities. — Station 4936; Sata Misald Light, N. 21° E., 5.7 miles; 

 103 fathoms. ? Station 5070; Ose Saki, S. 8° W., 1.8 miles; 108 

 fathoms. 



General distribution. — Type-locality, west coast of Satsuma, Japan. 



Colony usually pinnate and with secondary short branches. 

 Calyces arranged in various ways, seldom appressed to the branch. 

 Longitudinal rows of calyx scales evident, not greatly reduced on the 

 adaxial side. 



Genus PLUMARELLA Gray (modified by Kinoshita). 



Colony pinnate, with short twigs, but never with secondar}?" short 

 twigs. Calyces never in well-defmed whorls or in pairs, with openings 

 directed distally. Polyp scales in 8 longitudinal rows, without 

 circumopercular scales. Operculum evident. 



