104 PBOGEEDINOS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.43. 



Plate 15. 



Fig. 1. Paragorgia regalis, natural size; la, part of branch X 4.3. 

 2. Elasmogorgia ramosa, natural size; 2a, part of branch X 4.3. 



Plate 16. 



Fig. 1. Leptogorgia beringi, natural size; la, part of branch X 4.3. 



2. Calyptrophora ijimai, natural size. 



3. Calyptrophora ijimai, natural size, showing symbiotic annelid and the remark- 



able structure of metamorphosed spicules created by its presence. 



Plate 17. 



Fig. 1. Clavularia sulcata. Four spicules, a, b, c, and d, X 120. 



2. Clavularia japonica. Foiir spicules, a, b, c, and d, X 250. 



3. Lithophytum roseum. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 250. 



4. Dendronephthya nigripes. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 64; b ia about one- 



half total length. 



5. Dendronephthya magnacantha. Two spicules, a and b, X 64. 



6. Dendronephthya oviformis. Two spicules, a and 6, X 64. 



Plate 18. 



Fig. 1. Alcyonium hiikenthali. Three 'spicules, a, b, and c, X 120. 



2. Nidalia gracilis. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 250. 



3. Bellonellaflava. Five spicules, a, X 250; 6, c, d, and e, X 88. 



4. Anthomastus japonicus . Two spicules, a and b, X 250. 



5. Helicoptilum rigidum. Two spicules, a and b, X 64. 



6. Plumarella spicata. Three spicules, a and b, X 120; c, X 250. 



Plate 19. 



Fig. 1. Plumarella adhxrans. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 120. 



2. Thouarella recta. Three spicules, a and 6, X 120; c, circumopercular scale, 



X120. 



3. Thouarella alternata. Four spicules, a, circumopercular scale, X 64; b, c, and 



d, X 88. 



4. Primnodendron superbum. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 88. 



5. Acanthogorgiafusca. Four spicules, a, b, c, and d, X 64. 



Plate 20. 



Fig. 1. Acanthogorgia paradoxa. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 88. 



2. Anthomuricea doerrans. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 88. 



3. Muriceides cylindrica. Five spicules, a, b, c, d, and e, X 64. 



4. Muriceides nigra. Three spicules, a, b, and c; a and c, X 88; 6, X 64. 



5. Muricella reticulata. Three spicules, a and 6, X 64; c, X 88. 



6. Muricella abnormalis. Two spicules, a and b, X 64. 



Plate 21. 



Fig. 1. Acis spinifera. Four spicules, a, b, c, and d, X 64. 



2. Placogorgia japonica. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 88. 



3. Villogorgia brunnea. Four spicules, a, b, c, and d, X 120. 



4. Elasmogorgia ramosa. Three spicules, a, b, and c, X 88. 



5. Leptogorgia beringi. Two spicules, a and 6, X 250. 



6. Callistephanus pacificus. Six spicules, a, b, c, d, e, and/, X 120. 



7. Paragorgia regalis. Two spicules, a and &, X 88. 



