﻿50 
  FOOTE.- 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  MADKAS, 
  

  

  Dr. 
  Oldham 
  and 
  Mr. 
  King 
  were 
  inclined 
  to 
  regard 
  the 
  Attram- 
  

   pakkani 
  implement 
  beds 
  as 
  younger 
  than 
  the 
  typical 
  laterite 
  as 
  seen 
  at 
  

   the 
  Red 
  Hills 
  and 
  elsewhere, 
  and 
  to 
  be 
  really 
  only 
  a 
  washed-up 
  and 
  

   reconsolidated 
  formation. 
  It 
  appears 
  to 
  me 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  sufficient 
  

   evidence 
  for 
  arriving 
  at 
  this 
  conclusion, 
  and 
  unfortunately 
  there 
  are 
  no 
  

   sections 
  by 
  which 
  to 
  prove 
  or 
  disprove 
  it. 
  The 
  difference 
  in 
  litho- 
  

   logieal 
  characters 
  between 
  the 
  low-lying 
  beds 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  nullah 
  

   and 
  the 
  high-level 
  beds 
  at 
  Cunjalum, 
  just 
  north 
  of 
  the 
  valley, 
  and 
  

   of 
  their 
  northern 
  extension 
  near 
  Chungonum 
  (where 
  also 
  implements 
  

   were 
  found 
  in 
  situ 
  in 
  laterite 
  identical 
  in 
  appearance 
  and 
  relative 
  

   position 
  with 
  the 
  typical 
  spreads 
  at 
  the 
  Red 
  Hills, 
  &c), 
  is 
  not 
  of 
  

   sufficient 
  importance 
  to 
  afford 
  any 
  real 
  distinction, 
  while, 
  for 
  aught 
  that 
  

   is 
  known 
  to 
  the 
  contrary, 
  the 
  two 
  sets 
  of 
  beds 
  may 
  be 
  really 
  continuous, 
  

   though 
  masked 
  by 
  superficial 
  deposits. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  very 
  common 
  phenomenon 
  

   for 
  the 
  laterite 
  beds 
  to 
  have 
  accommodated 
  themselves 
  to 
  the 
  inequalities 
  

   of 
  the 
  surface 
  they 
  were 
  deposited 
  on. 
  This 
  may 
  be 
  seen 
  in 
  hundred 
  

   of 
  places 
  on 
  a 
  small 
  scale. 
  On 
  a 
  far 
  larger 
  scale 
  than 
  would 
  be 
  requisite 
  

   to 
  account 
  for 
  the 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  laterite 
  from 
  the 
  high 
  grounds 
  at 
  

   Cunjalum 
  down 
  into 
  and 
  across 
  the 
  Attrampakkam 
  valley, 
  may 
  this 
  be 
  

   seen 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  case 
  in 
  the 
  Ingawarpolliam 
  nullah 
  valley 
  five 
  or 
  six 
  miles 
  

   east 
  of 
  Sattavedu. 
  The 
  same 
  phenomenon 
  has 
  been 
  described 
  as 
  of 
  com- 
  

   mon 
  occurrence 
  in 
  the 
  laterite 
  district 
  of 
  Bancoorah 
  in 
  S. 
  W. 
  Bengal.* 
  

   The 
  perfectly 
  unbroken 
  and 
  unworn 
  condition 
  of 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  

   implements 
  is 
  a 
  very 
  strong 
  argument 
  against 
  their 
  having 
  been 
  washed 
  

   out 
  of 
  older 
  formations. 
  

  

  All 
  the 
  implements 
  found 
  within 
  the 
  Madras 
  area 
  were 
  made 
  of 
  quart- 
  

   Implements 
  made 
  of 
  z 
  *te, 
  and 
  so 
  many 
  show 
  waterworn 
  sides 
  of 
  old 
  

   quar 
  zi 
  e 
  o 
  y. 
  pebbles 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  very 
  probable 
  that 
  all, 
  or 
  nearly 
  

  

  all, 
  were 
  made 
  from 
  large 
  pebbles 
  or 
  small 
  boulders, 
  such 
  as 
  occur 
  in 
  innu- 
  

  

  * 
  See 
  Report 
  on 
  the 
  geological 
  structure 
  and 
  physical 
  features 
  of 
  the 
  districts 
  of 
  

   Baucoorah, 
  Midnapoor, 
  and 
  Orissa 
  ; 
  Memoirs 
  of 
  the 
  Geological 
  Survey 
  of 
  Iudia, 
  Vol. 
  I, 
  

   p. 
  270. 
  

  

  ( 
  50 
  ) 
  

  

  