﻿52 
  FOOTE 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OF 
  MADRAS. 
  

  

  the 
  time 
  to 
  make 
  an 
  exact 
  measurement, 
  so 
  had 
  to 
  content 
  myself 
  with 
  

   an 
  estimate 
  of 
  the 
  elevation, 
  for 
  which, 
  however, 
  the 
  circumstances 
  

   were 
  very 
  favourable. 
  

  

  " 
  At 
  a 
  distance 
  of 
  three 
  miles 
  from 
  where 
  I 
  found 
  the 
  implements 
  is 
  

   a 
  station 
  of 
  the 
  Great 
  Trigonometrical 
  Survey 
  of 
  India, 
  marked 
  on 
  the 
  

   map 
  as 
  the 
  Nemilly 
  hill, 
  which 
  has 
  an 
  elevation 
  of 
  367 
  feet 
  above 
  sea- 
  

   level. 
  This 
  Nemilly 
  hill 
  is 
  perfectly 
  overlooked 
  from 
  the 
  spot 
  at 
  which 
  

   I 
  obtained 
  the 
  implements 
  in 
  question, 
  which 
  must, 
  therefore, 
  be 
  at 
  a 
  

   considerably 
  greater 
  elevation, 
  and 
  probably 
  lies 
  between 
  500 
  and 
  600 
  

   feet 
  above 
  sea-level. 
  

  

  " 
  That 
  the 
  implements 
  here 
  found 
  were 
  really 
  derived 
  from 
  the 
  un- 
  

   derlying 
  lateritic 
  conglomerate 
  I 
  have 
  no 
  doubt, 
  as 
  they 
  were 
  deeply 
  

   stained 
  of 
  the 
  purplish-brown 
  colour, 
  which 
  characterizes 
  the 
  conglomer- 
  

   ate 
  and 
  its 
  debris 
  at 
  this 
  place. 
  The 
  implements 
  were 
  much 
  water-worn 
  

   and 
  very 
  smooth, 
  as 
  if 
  they 
  had 
  not 
  been 
  long 
  exposed 
  to 
  the 
  roughening 
  

   action 
  of 
  the 
  atmosphere. 
  The 
  spot 
  at 
  which 
  I 
  found 
  these 
  implements 
  

   lies 
  but 
  little 
  below 
  what 
  was 
  probably 
  the 
  uppermost 
  limit 
  of 
  the 
  

   laterite 
  ; 
  for 
  on 
  ascending 
  further 
  up 
  the 
  hill 
  all 
  lateritic 
  debris 
  is 
  soon 
  

   lost 
  sight 
  of, 
  and 
  the 
  surface 
  consists 
  only 
  of 
  a 
  weathered 
  crust 
  of 
  the 
  

   Jurassic 
  conglomerates, 
  which 
  are 
  of 
  drab 
  and 
  grey 
  colours, 
  and 
  in 
  this 
  

   district 
  very 
  free 
  from 
  ferruginous 
  matter. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  other 
  indications 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  greater 
  extension 
  of 
  the 
  laterite 
  

   deposits, 
  occurring 
  further 
  to 
  the 
  north, 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  alluded 
  to, 
  are 
  

   met 
  with 
  in 
  the 
  northern-half 
  of 
  the 
  Nellore 
  district, 
  in 
  the 
  shape 
  of 
  

   lateritic 
  debris, 
  occurring 
  in 
  scattered 
  patches 
  over 
  the 
  general 
  surface 
  

   of 
  the 
  country, 
  but 
  at 
  much 
  higher 
  levels 
  than 
  the 
  alluvia 
  of 
  the 
  

   existing 
  streams, 
  which 
  are 
  exclusively 
  confined 
  to 
  the 
  generally 
  deep 
  

   and 
  narrow 
  valleys. 
  

  

  " 
  The 
  first 
  of 
  these 
  patches 
  that 
  I 
  had 
  the 
  opportunity 
  of 
  examining 
  

   lies 
  to 
  the 
  south 
  and 
  south-east 
  of 
  the 
  small 
  town 
  of 
  Pamur, 
  where 
  a 
  

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