﻿40 
  THEOBALD 
  : 
  GEOLOGY 
  OE 
  PEGU. 
  

  

  attains 
  some 
  importance, 
  but 
  is 
  rather 
  more 
  earthy 
  than 
  sandy, 
  and 
  from 
  

   its 
  reddish 
  color, 
  viewed 
  from 
  a 
  distance, 
  is 
  termed 
  ' 
  kahn-ni' 
  or 
  ' 
  red 
  

   hank.' 
  From 
  this 
  to 
  Kayntuli, 
  these 
  sand 
  dunes 
  occur 
  in 
  spots 
  favor- 
  

   able 
  to 
  their 
  formation, 
  that 
  is 
  to 
  leeward 
  of 
  an 
  extended 
  tract 
  of 
  sandy 
  

   beach; 
  but 
  North 
  of 
  Kayntuli 
  they 
  are 
  less 
  frequently 
  met 
  with. 
  

  

  Littoral 
  concrete. 
  — 
  All 
  along 
  the 
  Arakan 
  Coast 
  a 
  deposit 
  of 
  somewhat 
  

   similar 
  origin, 
  only 
  coarser 
  and 
  distinctly 
  accumulated 
  under 
  water, 
  is 
  

   commonly 
  met 
  with 
  along 
  the 
  course 
  of 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  less-sheltered 
  tidal 
  

   creeks. 
  This 
  deposit 
  was 
  found 
  at 
  several 
  spots 
  South 
  of 
  Kayntuli 
  by 
  

   Mr. 
  Fedden, 
  and 
  described 
  by 
  him 
  under 
  the 
  vernacular 
  name 
  of 
  c 
  Loon 
  

   Kyouk' 
  ; 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  identical 
  in 
  all 
  respects 
  with 
  what 
  has 
  received 
  the 
  

   comprehensive 
  name 
  of 
  ' 
  littoral 
  concrete' 
  in 
  Bombay 
  by 
  Carter 
  and 
  other 
  

   writers 
  which 
  precisely 
  describes 
  its 
  nature. 
  It 
  is 
  in 
  fact 
  merely 
  the 
  

   calcareous 
  sand 
  composed 
  of 
  comminuted 
  shells 
  and 
  corals 
  of 
  living 
  species, 
  

   consolidated 
  into 
  a 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  compact 
  calcareous 
  sandstone 
  or 
  ragstone, 
  

   and 
  displaying 
  the 
  same 
  local 
  variations 
  as 
  are 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  deposits 
  now 
  

   forming 
  along 
  the 
  Indian 
  shores. 
  It 
  is 
  a 
  deposit 
  of 
  a 
  very 
  porous 
  

   character, 
  and 
  often 
  yields 
  a 
  supply 
  of 
  very 
  sweet 
  water, 
  being 
  free 
  from 
  

   organic 
  or 
  other 
  impurities, 
  save 
  perhaps 
  in 
  some 
  places 
  a 
  little 
  salt. 
  

  

  Mangrove 
  swamp. 
  — 
  Where 
  the 
  above 
  littoral 
  concrete 
  does 
  not 
  form 
  

   the 
  banks 
  of 
  the 
  tidal 
  streams 
  of 
  the 
  Arakan 
  Coast, 
  its 
  place 
  is 
  taken 
  by 
  

   the 
  foetid 
  mud, 
  or 
  sand 
  and 
  mud 
  of 
  the 
  mangrove 
  swamps. 
  In 
  low 
  

   lying 
  spots 
  within 
  the 
  tideway, 
  whether 
  mud 
  or 
  sand 
  predominates, 
  the 
  

   deposit 
  is 
  equally 
  offensive, 
  the 
  whole 
  area 
  being 
  marked, 
  by 
  a 
  peculiar 
  

   flora, 
  and 
  by 
  the 
  abundance 
  of 
  the 
  strange 
  crab, 
  Thalassina 
  scorpionoides. 
  

   Geologically 
  considered, 
  however, 
  the 
  deposit 
  is 
  insignificant, 
  being 
  

   extremely 
  superficial, 
  and 
  rarely 
  covering 
  any 
  great 
  extent 
  of 
  country 
  

   beyond 
  the 
  immediate 
  vicinity 
  of 
  the 
  tidal 
  creek. 
  

  

  Recent 
  alluvium. 
  — 
  The 
  recent 
  alluvium, 
  that 
  is, 
  the 
  deposit 
  thrown 
  

   down 
  by 
  the 
  water 
  of 
  the 
  existing 
  Irrawadi, 
  occupies 
  a 
  very 
  small 
  area 
  in 
  

   Pegu. 
  Its 
  relations 
  have 
  been 
  already 
  pointed 
  out 
  in 
  the 
  Records 
  of 
  the 
  

   ( 
  228 
  ) 
  

  

  