52 Transactions. 
The strong affinity between the contemporaneous fauna of New Cale- 
donia and New Zealand is shown by the presence of the following common 
genera: Kossmaticeras, Baculites, Lytoceras, Anisoceras, Gaudryceras, Trigonia, 
Arca, Cardium, Alaria. 
Very striking, however, is the close affinity of the New Zealand fauna 
with that of Graham’s Land, Patagonia, Chile, and Peru. Woods (1917) 
recognized only two or three forms identical with South American species, 
and four with close affinities thereto. Trechmann (19174) added to these, 
and Wilckens (1920, 1922), while revising some identifications, added a 
dozen species with close relatives among the South American beds. We 
ret ‘ 
Malletia cymbula, Calliostoma thomsoni, C. wilckensi, Lahillia sp., Trigonia 
antarctica, Т. pseudocaudata, Kossmaticeras haumuriensis, Natica ingrata, 
E А 
amuritica, Cryptorhytis vulnerata. Dr. Marshall’s investigations of the fossils 
of the North Auckland Peninsula add further evidence of this affinity. So 
great is it that Wilckens (1920) concludes that New Zealand, Graham’s 
Land, and Patagonia formed part of the southern coast of the Pacific Ocean 
in Senonian times. 
the distribution of the modern flora and fauna. At the same time, the 
striking difference between the Cretaceous faunas of New Zealand and 
Australia indicates that at the close of Mesozoic times there was a marked 
difference between the relations of South America to New Zealand on the 
one hand and to Australia on the other, as has been the case, apparently, 
In succeeding periods up to the present. 
Post-Cretaceous. 
The circumpacific connection, however, broke down during the Tertiary 
period, but the stages by which the separation was affected will not be 
cussed here, though a few remarks may not be out of place. Divergence 
pe wi 
Eocene periods, after which a varied series of Eocene sediments were laid 
down in three stages, in the last of which the island was completely 
submerged. _ These contain angus i 
Orthophragmina and Lithothamnium, the last two being genera well known 
in rocks of this age in New Guinea (Rutten, 1914). This transgression 
* Trechmann thought this to be identical with Aporrhais gregaria. 
