134 Transactions. 
Авт. 13.—Waier-conservation and Hawke’s Bay Artesian Systems. 
By Н. Нил. 
[Read before the Hawke’s Bay Philosophical Institute, 26th November, 1920 ; received by 
Editor, 24th November, 1921 ; issued separately, 12th February, 1923.] 
Ox frequent occasions I have had the honour of bringing under the notice 
of the Philosophical Society the question of artesian wells and systems 
of wells.* Not merely in Napier and over the Heretaunga Plain as far 
as Pakipaki are flowing wells to be seen, but also at Otane, at Ongaonga 
(on the Ruataniwha Plain), at Wanganui, at Palmerston North, at Poverty 
Bay, and other places. 
s settlement and population increase, so also do regulations multiply 
affecting the rights and duties of citizens. Water being one of man’s 
essential wants, the duty of every local and governing authority is to pay 
heed to providing a suitable supply of potable or drinkable water; and, 
if a manufacturing community, also water suitable for the fostering of * 
manufactures. 
Since my first paper on the artesian-wells system of the Heretaunga 
Plains the town of Napier has increased in its population to a fair extent, 
and perhaps the settlement of population over the plain has increas 
even to a larger extent. In the year 1887 Napier was supplied with water 
by means of six artesian wells, four of them having a 3in. bore and two 
a 2in. In July, 1917, a return was presented to the order of the Borough 
off in the quantity of water from the wells as returned in July, 1917, has 
* See Trans. N.Z. Inst, vol. 20 Y 2t 429-38, 1890; 2 
vol. 37, pp. 431-44, 1905. » pp. 282-93, 1888; vol. 22, pp. A. 
