TILLY ARD.—Stone-flies of New Zealand. 203 
closely allied New Zealand genera Zelandobius and Nesoperla, which would 
have been placed by Enderlein in two distinct subfamilies, thus completely 
ignoring their true relationship to one another. 
The Leptoperlidae are the dominant family of stone-flies in the southern 
portion of South America, in New Zealand, Tasmania, and Australia. Their 
larvae are common objects i in fast-running streams, being found clinging to 
rocks where the water runs fastest. They are mostly sluggish creatures, 
and do not attempt to run away fast, like the larvae of Stenoperla and may- 
flies. The imagines fly but little, but may be found resting, with their 
wings rolled closely around ые bodies, either on rocks or foliage near 
streams. 
In order to classify the New Zealand species I have undertaken a com- 
h in species, and the faunas of the two countries are so closely 
allied that they had to be treated as a single whole. The final result of 
this study, as far as it can be carried out on the available material, goes 
to show that a number of closely allied Онор exist in the two countries, 
but that no single genus is found bot Australia and New Zealand. 
Leptoperla Newman is confined to Temes. Leptoperla opposita Walker, 
to which there are a number of references by New Zealand authors, all of 
whom, following McLachlan, express a doubt as to whether this is really 
a New Zealand pees | is not found in New Zealand, and proves not to be 
perla Newman; it is je e to Australia. In a recent paper "узанан, 
genus, Dino la. Another Australian genus, Paranotoperla Enderlein, ais 
proves not to be represented in New Zealand. Thus the way is clear for 
the correct classification of the New Zealand species in the present paper, 
while the working-out of the rather numerous generic types from Australia 
is kept for a later publication. 
As the species described by Enderlein from the Auckland Islands is 
very closely allied to one of the New Zealand genera, I propose to include 
it in the key given below 
To the characters given for the family Leptoperlidae in the key we may 
now add the following :— 
In the forewing the three anal veins are present, but 3A is fused 
with 2A,for the whole of its basal half, and its free distal end appears 
only as la short veinlet Асе from 2A. Шш my paper on the 
^ Classification of the Perlaria " (Canad. Entom., Feb., 1921, pp. 35-40) 
present in this family, 1A having been eliminated. The tracheation 
of the larval wing shows, however, that this is not the case. 1A is pre 
sent, and is the vein named 2A in the paper just quoted. Tracheae 2A 
and 3A are both present in the larval wing, though the correspond- 
ing veins are fused together in the imago for a considerable distance. 
A closely similar formation is to be seen in the forewing of Nemouridae, 
and has been clearly elucidated by Comstock (see The Wings of Insects, 
1918, pl. 1). 
In ЧЫ ae there is always either a complete or a partial € 
of Мз+4 wit h Cu,. This condition would not be suspected from a study 
the imago alone, but can be clearly seen by examining the аа 
of the larval hindwing. А similar condition has been shown to exist in 
certain genera of Perlidae by Comstock. 
