xc 
e ypMocyba Germ че g 
c 1s easily distinguished by other characters, is excepted. 
492 Transactions. 
on a variety of field-crops and pasture-plants, but not yet convicted of 
serious damage ; and a third species, an endemic one, inflicting the same 
damage on Coprosma grandifolia as the introduced Typhlocyba australis 
(Frogg.) on apple. ; 
The Typhlocybinae are among those leaf-hoppers parasitized by minute 
wasps of the family Dryinidae. None, however, have yet been successfully 
reared from New Zealand species, nor have I found affected leaf-hoppers 
very numerous. Bird enemies probably account for very few, although in 
America these small leaf-hoppers are said to form a certain proportion of the 
food of humming-birds. Finally, Mr. Muir informs me that egg parasites 
are generally common. 
e structural characters of the Typhlocybinae render them probably 
the most homogeneous and easily recognized subfamily of the Cicadellidae. 
In the tegmen the three longitudinal veins of the corium—-the radius, 
media, and cubitus--run without branching to the apical cells, so that 
no ante-apical cells are formed. The lst A corresponds almost exactly 
with the claval suture (Cu, not present) and the third with the claval 
margin, leaving only a single vein on the disc of the clavus—a character 
shared (according to McAtee) by no other Auchenorrhyncha. The ocelli 
are almost always difficult to distinguish, and are often lacking. Long 
elliptical areas about the middle of each costa bear a thick circumscribed 
coating of a wax-like substance. The detachable pruinose flakes are known 
as the “costal plaques.” Some species—e.g., Erythroneura cyathea n. 8p-— 
possess them well developed ; but they are by no means a specific character, 
being subject to individual variation. 
mportant generic distinctions are found in the venation of tegmina 
and wings, the main characters being very constant; but the details vary 
with the individual. Good specific characters are found in the genitalia. 
The Typhlocybinae are to be considered among the most highly evolved 
of the Cicadellidae, their specialization consisting in a simplified venation 
probably derived from a much more complex type. EG 
The New Zealand species at present collected include six Spr inl p 
a 
р 
often used by other authors where McAtee uses Euptery2, ie 
part a synonym. Under such a system my T. yphlocy 
Key ro Genera or New ZEALAND TYPHLOCYBINAE. 
.. Dikraneura. 
. . .. 9 
2. Second apical cell of tegmen triangula VS ee s Er 
i r and stalked; fourth apical 
vein of tegmen curving, to end ъа radial оета x E. 3 P £s Typhlocyba. 
i i gmen nearly oblong, based on cross-vein ; fourth 
apical vein of te 4 | ; ; 1 
in apical m n КИР Jede е radial margin and ne 
7 
Erythronew 
In connection with this key j i rding t° 
onm y it should be noticed that, accor’ 
Osborn, Gillette, and Woodworth, all those species in which the wing ks 
no submarginal vein and the first two veins unite before reaching = 
тага, so that only three veins attain the margin, fall into the # 
| y co 
Germar. Onl African genus Molopopterus Jacobi, 
