522 Transactions. 
shells without siphons. There is an undergrowth of small algae, including 
Pterocladia lucida, Melanthalia abscissa, and, in open places, Caulerpa 
sedoides. Several small fishes were caught in the brown algae: those 
identified were Ichthyocampus filum, Ericentrus rubrus, and Notoclinus 
fenestratus. ; 
Tunicates are not generally found on the upper surface of the rocks, 
but under overhanging projections. Styela caerulea and other forms, 
as well as the sponge Tethya, occur in such situations. The starfishes 
Patiriella regularis and Stegnaster inflatus are inhabitants of this association; 
also the gasteropod Crepidula crepidula, within the aperture of disused shells 
of Verconella. Under stones occur a wealth of life, but no algae. Of the 
following species some (pelecypods, Ophiopteris, Callochiton, Macandrellus, 
Calyptrea, Euchelus) are permanent residents; the rest wander farther 
afield when covered by the tide—Euthria linea, E. vittata, Cominella virgata, 
Verconella adusta, Euchellus bellus, Tugalia intermedia, Chlamys zealandiae, 
Monia zelandica, Saxicava arctica, Calpytrea tenuis, Crepidula costata, 
Callochiton platessa, Macandrellus violaceus, Cryptoconchus porosus, Ophio- 
pteris antipoda. 
Lvechinus chloroticus, Patiriella regularis, and Stichaster australis. ў 
On the algae are numerous smaller animals. Young Mytilus canalicu- 
latus under 10mm. in length were found abundantly attached to the 
the 
far 
and Lessonia variegata. These together with Cystophora dumosa in 
Marginaria Boryana form a growth 1 т. to 1m. tall, almost completely 
covering the rocks. Along the upper margin Xiphophora chondr piy ; 
is à luxuriant 
undergrowth. This consists, in the first place, of various species of Co 
lina, Amphiroa, and Melobesia, covering the rock-surface, and, secondly, 0 
a number of algae, 10 сш. to 20 em. tall-—Melanthalia abscissa, Pterocladia 
