OxtvER.—Marine Littoral Plant and Animal Communities. 539 
herculeus on mud seems comparable with Cerithidea bicarinata. Southern, 
in his description of Clare Island, does not indicate the dominant species, 
and I have seen only an extract of Davenport’s account of Cold Spring 
Amphidesma Association. 
Tauranga.—At Maunganui Beach there is, exposed to the ocean between 
tides, a wide stretch of nearly level sand. The whole of the life here 
appears to be burrowing-animals, pelecypods being dominant. With them 
the rocks. Obviously, too, a larger amount of 
excavated base than in the body-whorl alone. (Plate 49, fig. 1.) 
Dosinia-Tellina Association. 
| 7 the 
Rangitoto Channel. —At Cheltenham Beach the whole bay between 
heads is laid bare at low tide. The surface is clean sand, but at a distance 
averaging 5cm. below it is black. The biotic community consists - 
urrowing-worms, brittle-stars, and pelecypods beneath the surface, wit 
sand-dwelling gasteropods, crabs, and starfishes above. 
