Cox.—On the Mineralogy of New Zealand. 439 
Bog Iron Ore is another form of hydrous hematite which is found at 
several localities in New Zealand. It is, generally speaking, of a porous 
character, and varies considerably in its composition. It has never yet 
been found in any considerable mass, and is seldom of much value on 
account of the phospnorus which most samples contain. 
Analyses have been made of samples from Spring Swamp, Whangarei; 
Wainui-o-mata, Wellington; Carterton; Rangitikei; Stoke, Nelson; and 
Oroua Downs; in which the percentage of metallic iron varies from 19 to 51. 
Spathic Iron Ores, Fe G.—The massive forms of these ores, which are 
essentially carbonate of iron, are very widely distributed in New Zealand, 
being, as a rule, associated with the cretaceo-tertiary and coal formations. 
Bands of clay ironstone, about 2 feet thick, occur in the Waipara District, 
and another band of sandy clay iron ore, 10 feet thick, is mentioned by Dr. 
Haast in the same locality (Geol. Rep., 1870-71, p. 11). Ironstone boulders 
are found in the Kakanui River which have been derived from the conere- 
tionary greensands. Valuable deposits of clay-band ironstone occur near 
Mount Somers and in the Malvern Hills, associated with coal, and further 
deposits are also found near the Abbey Rocks, Westland. Associated with 
the coal measures on the Twelve-mile Beach north of the Grey River, and 
thence inland, valuable deposits of spathic iron ore occur as lenticular 
masses and concretions in the shales. They are also notably developed 
in the Nine-mile Creek in the same district. They are again found at 
Jenkins Hill, Nelson, and at the Collingwood Coal-mine, where a bed of 
black-band ironstone also occurs, and another instance of its occurrence 
is at the Baton River, Nelson, in the cretaceo-tertiary formation. 
In the North Island, beds of spathic iron ore have been found in the 
same formation, at the Miranda Colliery, inland of Taranaki, at the Mana- 
watu Gorge, at Wangaroa and Raglan. In most of these localities the 
ironstones are fossiliferous, and contain numerous and well-preserved 
impressions of dicotyledonous leaves. 
Further deposits of spathic iron ore also occur in the Mataura series, 
having been discovered by Mr. MeKay, in the Cairn Ranges, Malvern Hills. 
They occur as strings and lenticular patches, with beautifully-preserved 
fossil ferns, and are of considerable importance. 
Analyses of ores of this description have shown that they contain from 
8:58 per cent. to 46-06 per cent. metallic iron, and the details of these will 
be found in the works above cited. They are all brown, sandy-looking ores, 
and are specially valnable on account of the ease with which they are 
reduced. 
Siderite, Bo Gis vesoreenes: of thie mineral-in: cavities of the c0n- 
tore schist of Otago ie mentioned rhe — Rep. N.Z. Ex., 
