Newman.—On Causes leading to the Extinction of the Maori. 463 
from Singapore to Madagascar, perhaps to South Africa, and west to Java, 
the Marquesas, the Sandwich Islands to Otaheite, over most of the Pacific 
Isles to Easter Island and New Zealand. Through all this vast range of 
land we find a decaying race. 
De Quatrefages, in his work on “The Human Species,” writes :— 
- Captain Cook, just a century ago, estimated the Kanakas in the Sandwich 
Islands at 300,000. In 1861 there were 67,084—about 22 per cent. of the 
original number. From another source I find that the Kanakas in 1832 
Were 130,817, and in 1872, 56,897. In the Marquesas, Porter guessed the 
Population in 1818 at 19,000 warriors, giving a population of 70,000 
or 80,000. In 1858 M. Jouan found 2,500 or 3,000 warriors, and about 
11,000 other people. Cook and Forster estimated the population of Tahiti 
at upwards of 240,000. In 1857 the official census gave only 7,212, that is 
to say, a little more than 8 per cent. of the original population. De Qua- 
trefages also adds that this decrease of population extends to all the islands 
of Polynesia, and instances Bass Island, where Davis counted 2,000 people 
I the beginning of the century, and where Moerenhaut found only 300 in 
1874. I believe it is the same with the Papuan race in Fiji and other islands. 
| : In the « Malay Archipelago” Wallace tells us that the Dyaks and other 
branches are dying out, owing to the frequency of deaths and the infertility 
of the race. The large stone ruins of Easter Island tell of a bygone dense 
Population, where now but a beggarly remnant exists. 
. It would be mere waste of time to go on accumulating further evidence ; 
| &verywhere the evidence is clear and abundant that not only in New Zealand 
but all over the broad Pacific the race is steadily dying out. This steady 
inution of the race is not a peculiarity of the Maoris; it is common to 
ao the Malay family generally. Certain writers please to eall the Maoris a 
“Provisional race,” but the phrase though learned means little. The 
Maori is becoming extinct, like many other races, from almost identical 
— Causes. All over the world we see some races progressive, some stationary, 
Others decaying; others recently extinct, » few fossil. The Anglo-Saxon 
_ "ee is rapidly progressing ; the French seem nearly stationary ; the North 
_ Yatish the Ainos, the Eskimos, the Australian aborigines, the Kamskat- 
_dlales, the Makalolos and the Morioris. Lately extinct are the Tasmanians, 
_ the Charruas, the blacks of California. Long extinct are the race found as 
mies in the caves of Madeira, the Cro-Magnon race; the people whose 
 anciently extinct is the race to whom belonged the fossil man of 
