244 Transactions—Zoology. 
Myodora ovata in the Philippines and Australia, Mytilus smaragdinus and 
Anomia cyteum in China ; while we also have a small Cyprea which appears 
to me to differ from C. punctata, from the Philippines, only in the absence of 
red spots. Bankivia varians is found in South Africa and Tasmania. Our 
common pipi (Chione stutchburyi) is found in Kerguelen Land, while Ranella 
vexillum, which is also found in Tasmania, is closely allied to R. argus from 
the Cape of Good Hope, and to R. proditor from St. Paul Island. The genera 
Phorus, Rotella, and Calyptreea are found in the Philippine Islands and China, 
but not in Australia. The genus Lyonsia, of which we possess one species, 
extends from Europe and India to the Philippine Islands and Borneo, and is 
also found in Peru and the West Indies. A few of our shells are almost 
cosmopolitan, as Lucina divaricata, Saxicava arctica, Crypta unguiformis, and 
Lima squamosa ; while Nucula margaritacea inhabits Europe. Dosinia sub- 
rosea is said to have been found in the Persian Gulf, and the genus Solemya 
is found only in Australia and the Mediterranean. While, therefore, our 
marine shells show a decided affinity to Australia, they also show a slight 
connection with South Africa, Kerguelen Land, St. Paul’s, and South America, 
and point more decidedly to a connection with the Philippine Islands and China. 
Of land and fresh-water shells, including the marine air-breathers, we 
possess 114 species, of which 97 are not found elsewhere. These show many 
striking and important facts in distribution. Three only, Helix subrugata, 
H. sydneyensis, and H. rapida are found in Australia, and of these the 
second is so like H. cellaria, of Europe, that it has only lately been 
distinguished from it by Dr. Cox, and is also closely allied to H. glaberrima 
from the Solomon Islands. Helix rapida is also found at Erromanga, one 
of the New Hebrides. Helix contformis* inhabits the Louisade Islands, 
H. radiaria the Solomon Islands, and H. vitrea the Admiralty Islands, 
Cassidula mustelina is found at Singapore and Pulo-penang, and Amphibola 
avellana in New Caledonia. But the distribution of some of the genera is 
more important even than that of the species. anina spreads from India to 
China, the Philippines, Indian Archipelago, and Polynesia, and is also found 
in Madagascar and the Mauritius, but not in Australia. Amphibola extends 
over Australia and Polynesia to Burmah. Lymnæa extends from Europe to 
India, China and Java, and is also found in North America but not in 
Australia. Assiminea is found in England, India, Celebes, Molucca Islands, 
and the Navigator and Friendly Islands, but not in Australia. The family 
Ancyline, or fresh-water limpets, of which we possess two species, is found 
* I am indebted to His Honour T. B. Gillies for the information that H. coniformis, 
