248 Transactions.— Zoology. 
In strong contrast to this stand the Homoptera, which include nineteen 
species, all endemic, and belonging to three genera only; Cicada having 
twelve, and Cixius seven species. 
The number of species of Orthoptera I do not know, but in comparison with 
other orders it is well represented by both winged and wingless members, and 
the genera, as a rule, contain several species. 
Whilst, therefore, the insect fauna as a whole shows its greatest affinity 
towards Australia it also exhibits a connection-with other countries, more 
especially China and Europe. But the most remarkable fact is the great 
difference shown in this respect by the different orders. Whilst the Diptera, 
Neuroptera, Homoptera and Orthoptera present the appearance, in part at 
least, of an old fauna, the Heteroptera are nearly all stragglers, and this 
strongly suggests the inference that at the time of the spreading of the former 
orders the Heteroptera were not in existence. The same thing is seen in the 
difference between the moths and the butterflies, suggesting also that the 
latter were developed at a later period than the former, and there can be no 
doubt but that when our insects are better known a careful comparison of 
them with similar faunas of other countries will afford a most instructive 
lesson. 
With the exception of the Indian (Blatta orientalis) and American 
(B. americana) cockroaches, neither of which are common, the flea (Pulex 
irritans), the bed-bug (Cimex lectularius), several Aphides, the slug-worm 
(Tenthredo cerasi), and the house-fly (Musca domestica), I am not aware of any 
insect that has been introduced unintentionally by man during the progress of 
colonization, for the ring-legged mosquito, which is supposed in Auckland to 
have been introduced by the troops from India, belongs to a species (Culex 
argyropus) not found elsewhere, and was sent home by Dr. Sinclair before the 
troops arrived. The only exceptions may perhaps be the black field-cricket, 
which, although inhabiting fields with us, and but rarely entering houses, 
appears to be identical with the house-cricket of Europe (Acheta domestica) 
and to have spread quite lately ; and also a small dark-brown beetle belonging 
to the genus Elater, which is abundant in Auckland, but, to the best of my 
knowledge, is not found more than twenty miles out of that town. 
MYRIAPODA. 
Of Centipedes nine or ten species are now known, all of which are 
endemic. The genus Lithobius extends from North America, Europe, and 
North Africa to Singapore, but is not found in Australia. Henicops is 
found only in Chile and Tasmania, Cryptops only in North America and 
England, while Cermatia and Cormocephalus have wider ranges, and are both 
found in Australia. 
