50 



Of the five succeeding cervical vertebrae only the bodies and the spinous pro- 

 cesses and the roots of the perforated transverse processes have been preserved. 

 The bodies are short, and subdepressed ; of a transversely elliptical form ; their 

 under surface is slightly concave on each side, but without the intervening part 

 being produced into a spine or tubercle : it forms a broad ridge in the third 

 vertebra, but gradually subsides in the rest. The body of the seventh vertebra 

 is longer than the rest, and is impressed on each side by part of the articulation 

 for the first rib. The spinous processes are of moderate size and length, trian- 

 gular, with obtuse summits ; increasing in the sixth, and stiU more so in the 

 seventh, which begins to incline backwards. 



Dorsal vertebra*. — ^The body of the first dorsal is a little longer than that of 

 the preceding vertebrae ; the bodies of the rest preserve an equal length, but 

 slightly increase in depth, and decrease in thickness. In the fourth dorsal the 

 sides converge to a median inferior ridge ; and from this vertebra to the tenth 

 dorsal inclusive the bodies are wedge-shaped. In the eleventh dorsal the lower 

 edge becomes blunted or convex; in the twelfth the lower surface grows broader; 

 in the thirteenth it is rendered concave by the development of two parallel lon- 

 gitudinal ridges which divide the inferior from the lateral surfaces ; in the six- 

 teenth dorsal the lower surface again contracts in breadth ; and in the first 

 lumbar vertebra it reassumes the form of an obtuse ridge, and the body is again 

 wedge-shaped. The sides of the bodies of the dorsal vertebrae are slightly con- 

 cave : they are perforated on each side, near the lower margin, by a large vas- 

 cular foramen ; which foramina, beyond the twelfth vertebra, are situated upon 

 the concave under surface. The bodies of the dorsal vertebrae, especially of the 

 middle and posterior ones, expand at each extremity, which presents in the 

 middle vertebrae a triangular, in the posterior ones a nearly circular, articular 

 surface : this is almost flat, depressed in the centre, elsewhere slightly convex, 

 and least so on the back part of the vertebra. The anterior costal articular 

 surface t is double the size of the posterior one, is more concave, of an elliptical 

 form, and ascends upon the neural arch : the posterior surface + is supported on 

 a very short triangular process, forming the upper angle of the corresponding 

 end of the vertebral body, and is nearly flat. The vertebral arch expands as it 



* PI. VIII. figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, eighth dorsal. f Fig. 2. a. * Fig. 2. b. 



