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This bone forms the most striking feature in the lateral view of the skull, from 

 which it projects like a diminutive elk-antler. It is articulated at its anterior 

 extremity by a broad sutural surface, which was unobliterated, and allowed a 

 slight yielding movement between the malar and the superior maxillary bones. 

 The malar commences by a subcylindrical, smooth, short and thick stem ; 

 rather flattened and concave above, where it forms the floor of the orbit : it then 

 suddenly expands into a broad vertical plate, divided posteriorly into three flat- 

 tened processes which diverge from each other in nearly the same vertical plane. 



The uppermost of these processes is the longest and thickest, being not less 

 than three inches and a half in length ; it is flat externally, convex on the inner 

 surface, and terminated by a rounded extremity which projects backwards and 

 upwards above the temporal zygoma, the obtuse end of which underprops the 

 base of the process. The second process of the malar bone is the shortest of 

 the three, and is broader but thinner than the preceding : its upper surface is 

 adapted, but not very exactly, to the sloping terminal surface of the zygomatic 

 process, which rests upon it. It thins ofl' at its lower surface, which is continued 

 by a semicircular emargination to the third, lowest, .and at the same time, 

 broadest and deepest, of the three divisions of the malar bone. The terminal 

 margin of this descending process is cut by two shallow notches : its anterior 

 border is convex. A narrow rising of bone is continued from the root of this 

 process along its external surface to the projection between the notches. A 

 second ridge runs almost parallel with, but an inch above the preceding to the 

 upper and posterior angle of the process. These two ridges define, or separate, 

 three depressions, extending in the same direction, downwards and backwards. 

 The lowest depression, which is parallel with the lower margin of the os malae, 

 is the narrowest ; the next above is larger, and much broader ; the third is one 

 inch and a half in breadth, and of the same length. The surface of each of these 

 shallow depressions is marked by ridges running irregularly and decussating 

 each other : they are most numerous in the highest and shortest depression, 

 where they intercept areolar spaces about one-third of an inch in extent. 



Similar, but finer, reticulate markings characterize the outer convex surface 

 of the second process ; but, with the exception of a few minute impressions upon 

 the highest or digital process, the rest of the outer surface of the expanded and 

 trifurcate malar bone is smooth. The sculptured surface indicates the extent of 



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