Hutton and Coughtrey. — On some Moa Jtemains. 271 



The phalangeal joints were nearly complete, those of the fourth toe quite 

 entire ; the under portions of the ca2>sular ligaments are grooved for tendons 

 and specially thickened. 



Muscles. 

 a. — Gastrocnemii : 



The conjoined tendon of G. interims and G. externus is well seen, and its 

 respective connections to the ento- and ecto-gastrocnemial surfaces still remain. 

 The inner insertion is neither so strong nor so extensive as the outer one. 



The ento-gastrocnemial insertion begins behind and below the endo- 

 metatarsal tuberosity by a rough patch which runs into a strong ridge that 

 ends on the posterior aspect of the inner margin of tarso-nietatarsus at a point 

 about two inches above the inner trochlea (fig. 2,/.) 



The ecto-gastrocnemial insertion is in its upper part with greater difficulty 

 made out, owing to its being partly covered by the hardened inflexible skin, 

 which it was not thought advisable to disturb. It is attached to the outer 

 border of tarso-metatarsus, and terminates in a distinct impression about three- 

 quarters of an inch from the outer trochlea, from which it is separated by a 

 deep but smooth groove. (This groove presents all the appearances of a 



vascular groove, in which an artery and a vein have formerly lain.) 



The outer insertion is separated from the bone at one point to allow a 

 tendon* to pass from the front of leg to the back ; this point is at the junction 

 of the upper third with the lower two-thirds of bone : but above and below 



very 



Between the two gastrocnemial surfaces a portion of the periosteum of 



bone is left, and the periosteum receives many fibres from the gastrocnemius 

 at these surfaces. 



There was no connection between this muscle and the sesamoid cartilage 

 at the tarso-phalangeal joint, nor did any slip pass from the gastrocnemius to 



differing 



in the 



ostrich, t 



The flexor tendons ran beneath the arch formed by the conjoined tendon. 



Although there is a distinct hallux (fig. 2, a) present, there, are no appear- 

 ances by which it could possibly be asserted that it had been in this case 

 attached to the lower end of the ento-gastrocnemial ridge. 



b. — Flexor Tendons of the Toes 



These are in a very fragmentary condition. 



There are distinctly four flexor tendons on the back of the tarso-metatarsal 



Can this tendon be that peculiar tendon of the Pectineus, Owen ; (or Rectus anticas 

 femoris of Cuvier), fig. 1, x. 



t Dissection of an Ostrich. A. H. Garrod, B. A, and Frank Darwin, B.A. Proc 

 Zool. Soc. 1872, pi. L, p. 361. 



