CYCLONES OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC. 345 



of the storm at that period. At 1 p. m. of the 5th the typhoon was hlowing from S.S.E., and 

 had moderated a little. From 6 to 7 p. M., more moderate ; but strong gusts of wind, with a 

 heavy sea, from the southward. 



At Macao the typhoon was experienced in great force eighteen to twenty hours later than 

 with the Raleigh. Of a valuable series of observations, thirty-four in number, which were 

 taken of the barometer at Macao during the passage of the cyclone, the lowest was 28.08 inches, 

 at 1.20 A. M. of the 6th of August. This great depression shows the centre, or vortex, of the 

 cyclone to have passed near to Macao. 



At Canton, on the right of the center-path, and about sixty miles north of Macao, the gale 

 began with northerly winds on the evening of the 5th, and continued through the night and 

 the next day. Its violence is said to have been greatest about 2 A. M. of the 6th. At midnight 

 of the 5th the barometer had fallen to 29.37 inches. Its further fall, later in the night, was 

 unnoticed ; but at 5 a. m. it had again risen to 29.34 inches, which, respectively, is 0.23 inches 

 and 0.32 inches higher than the two corresponding observations at Macao. The wind, during 

 the typhoon, veered from N., through N.E., to S.E., and at 8 a. m. of the "7th. the barometer 

 had risen to 29.94 inches. 



The American ship Lady Hayes left Macao Roads before the gale set in, and first encountered 

 it about thirty-five miles from land, being on the left side of the line pursued by the storm's 

 center. An attempt was made to return to port ;' which having failed, the ship, from noon of 

 the 5th, was run off S.E. by E. under all the sail she would bear, and thus was meeting the 

 gale in its approach, the wind then blowing at north, with a tremendous swell from the east- 

 ward. At 4 p. M. it was blowing in severe gusts, and the ship was becoming unmanagable. 

 About 8.30 p. M. the wind began to veer to the west, but continued to blow as hard as ever till 

 midnight, and drew round to the south, when it moderated a little. It continued to blow hard 

 from that quarter until noon of the 6th. Had the wind veered eastward, as with the Raleigh 

 and at Canton, it is likely the ship would have been driven ashore among the islands. 



A three-masted schooner encountered the gale on the 5th of August in latitude 18° 2' N., lon- 

 gitude 115° 50' E., but no particulars are given. 



Captain Dumaresq, of the American ship Levant, arrived at Lintin on the 7th, having made 

 a fine run from the southward under the later and more outward winds of the cyclone, which 

 had veered from S.W. by W. on the 5th to S.S.W. and S. on the 6th, with strong breezes, 

 heavy squalls, and rain — ending in fine weather. At 11 a. m. of 6th had heavy squalls, with 

 rain in torrents. Took in all studding sails, royals, and topgallant sails, and double-reefed the 

 topsails, partly from an apprehension of falling too near the land the following night. The 

 track of the Levant is seen on the sketch, as obtained from the ship's log-book and the private 

 journal of Captain Dumaresq, which he has kindly placed in my hands. 



From the data to which I have now alluded, the course of this storm appears to have been 

 N. 72° W., and its rate of progress is estimated at about seventeen nautical miles per hour. It 

 is fully apparent that its axis of rotation passed to the northward of the Lady Hayes, and 

 southward of the Raleigh and of Canton, and the anchorages near Macao, and nearly on the 

 line A B C, as designated on the sketch. 



If circles, having a radius equal to about one hundred and sixty nautical miles, be drawn 

 around the two points B and C, these will severally comprise the areas of principal violence in 

 this hurricane at the two periods of 9 A. M. of the 5th and 2 A. M. of the 6th of August, respec- 



44 s 



