SAILING DIRECTIONS AND NAUTICAL REMARKS. 387 



At this point our survey terminated ; the boats, however, found a clear channel with plenty 

 of water for the largest vessels several- miles further to the northward, and within a few miles 

 of the city. 



If bound to the American anchorage : from Cape Kami Saki steer N.W., and anchor in 8 or 

 10 fathoms water, with Perry island hearing S.S.E., and Webster island S.W. by S. 



In Powhatan bay there is also good anchorage in 6 and 7 fathoms. Near this anchorage 

 there are two snug coves, very accessible, in which vessels may conveniently repair and refit. 



Susquehanna bay, three miles W.N.W. from Cape Kami Saki, is well sheltered, but it con- 

 tains a number of reefs and rocks, and is, therefore, not recommended as an anchorage. 



Mississippi hay is four miles north of the American anchorage ; it is well sheltered from the 

 prevailing winds. Upon anchoring it is necessary to give the shore a good berth, to avoid a 

 shoal which extends out from a half to three-quarters of a mile. The conspicuous headland or 

 yellow bluff on the north side of this bay is called Treaty Point ; a shoal surrounds the point 

 from two-thirds of a mile to a mile distant. 



Between the American anchorage and Treaty Point, the soundings are irregular, shoaling 

 suddenly from 12 to 5 fathoms on banks of hard sand. 



To the northward of Treaty Point and N.N.W. from Cape Kami Saki, distant 14 miles, is 

 Yokuhama bay. To reach this anchorage, bring the wooded bluff, which terminates the high 

 land on the north side of the bay, to bear N. by W. \ W., and steer for it until Treaty Point 

 bears S.W. by S. ; this clears the spit off the point ; then haul up about N.W. by N. for the 

 bluff over the town of Kanagawa, and anchor in 5^ or 6 fathoms, with the Haycock just open 

 to the eastward of Mandarin Bluff. Mandarin is the steep bluff a mile to the northward of 

 Treaty Point. 



A flat extends out from the northern shore of this bay, between Kanagawa and Beacon Point, 

 from one to two miles ; off Mandarin Bluff there is also a shoal, extending a mile to the 

 northward. 



The Bay of Yedo is about 12 miles wide, and 30 deep, with excellent holding ground, and 

 capable of sheltering the fleets of the world. 



Our survey embraced the western shore only, from Cape Kami Saki to Beacon Point. We 

 had no opportunity of examining the eastern side. The soundings from Treaty Point, across 

 in an E.S.E. direction, are regular, and 3 fathoms were found about a mile and a half from 

 the opposite shore. 



Of Uraga channel, a reconnoissance was made of the western shore only. 



During our stay in the bay, from the 17th of February to the 18th of April, the weather was 

 generally fine, being occasionally interrupted by strong winds and heavy rain. The gales came 

 up suddenly from the southward and westward, with a low barometer, and continued for a 

 short time, when the wind hauled round to the northward and westward, and moderated. We 

 had no easterly blows ; in fact the wind was rarely from that quarter, except when hauling 

 round from the northward, (as it invariably did,) by east to the southward and westward. 



The tide is quite strong out in the bay ; and off the tail of Saratoga spit, Perry island, and 

 Cape Kami Saki its velocity is much increased, but at the anchorage in the Bay of Yokuhama 

 it is scarcely felt. At Yokuhama the Japanese authorities supplied us with wood and water, 

 and a few vegetables, fowls, eggs, oysters, and clams. 



Latitude of Cape Sagami, 35° 06' 30" K, longitude, 139° 42' 45" E. Latitude of Webster 

 island, 35° 18' 30" N., longitude, 139° 40' 34" E. Latitude of Treaty Building, north end of 



