-96- 



generations. Diet E was ground in a hand-operated bread crumber (L, 

 F. & G., New Brittain, CN) and sifted through an 18-mesh wire screen. 



A total of 784 eggs from 22 batches of the 12th colony generation 

 were set up in the same manner as in the rearing-temperature 

 experiments, except that all were held at 27 + 1°C and 87 + 5% RH. 

 Each vial was checked daily (AM) and the developmental progress of the 

 immature stages was recorded through adult emergence. The diets were 

 applied with small shakers fashioned from 10-dram plastic medicine 

 vials fitted with screen (18-mesh bridal veil) lids. Data were 

 statistically analyzed and compared using ANOVA procedures in 

 conjunction with Duncan's multiple range test (Marks, 1982). 



Diapause and quiescence . To investigate the possibility of 

 winter diapause or quiescence in the immature stages, 249 gravid 

 laboratory-reared (27 °C, 70% RH, 16:8 LD photoperiod) females, held 

 in individual vials, were placed in an outdoor, screen cage at one to 

 five-day intervals from May to early December during 1982 and 1983. 

 The cage was situated in a heavily shaded area adjacent to the east 

 side of the laboratory building. It received virtually no direct 

 sunlight but was subject to ambient factors such as wind, rain, 

 temperature and photoperiod. The vials were kept in a tray that was 

 enveloped in a plastic bag to maintain constant RH. The tray rested 

 about 30 cm off the ground on a pedestal of concrete blocks. It was 

 shielded from the rain by a metal cover. The females were allowed to 

 oviposit and/or die, then were removed. The eggs were monitored daily 

 for hatch; in some instances for nearly 300 days. Hatchlings were 

 also monitored daily for signs of diapause development. Daily 

 cl imatological data were obtained from the Agronomy Department-NOAA 

 weather station, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. 



