8PITZBEBGEN PTARMIGAN. 121 



GALLING. 



Fa?nily TETRAONIBvE. {Bonaparte.) 



Genus Lagopus. {LinncBus.) 



Generic Characters. — Beak conic and curved; nasal groove densely clothed 

 with feathers. Tarsi and feet plumed. Tail of sixteen to eighteen feathers. 

 They moult twice a year, becoming white in winter, when they are gre- 

 garious or monogamous. 



SPITZBERGEN PTARMIGAN. 



Lagopus hemileucurus. 



Lagopus hemileucurus, Gould; P. Z. S., 1858, p. 354. 



" " Dresser; B. of Europe. 



" " Evans and Sturge; Ibis, 1859. 



G. R. Gray; Hand List. 

 " hyperboreus, Elliott; Monograph of the Tetraonidee. 



" hyperlorea, Malmgren; Journ. fiir Orn., 1865. 



" alpina var. hypcrhorea, Gaimard; Voyages en Scandinavia, 



Atlas, livr. 38, plate (no description.) 

 " mutiis, G. R. Gray; 1844, List of Birds in the 



British Museum. 

 " alpinus var. hyperboreus, Sundevall. 

 Tcirao lagopus, Ross. 



" alpinus, Torell; Bidrag till Spitzbergen. 



Ice Bird, Marten. 



Specific Characters. — Tail white at the base and tip; from the central 

 white bar to the end black, tipped with white, and the two central and 

 two outer feathers broadly edged with white. General plumage above golden 

 buff, mottled with black in autumn. Quills in winter have a dark median 

 stripe. 



A'OL. IV. R 



