80 



No rain fell during this tilling experiment. Temperatures were 

 between 29.4 and 32.2 C during the day and a stiff breeze was blowing 

 at ground 1 evel . 



Results recorded during this and other tilling experiments were 

 mostly subjective due to the difficulty in utilizing objective sampling 

 methods. Pupal traps could not be employed because of the tilling 

 schedules and facilities for drying manure were not available when all 

 tilling experiments were performed. 



Tilling after the addition of wood chips and sand to manure. When 

 manure had completely liquified due to blowing rains, and tilling was 

 ineffective, builder's sand and wood chips were added to manure in 

 houses 1, 2, and k to improve the consistency. The experimental design 

 is shown in Figure 12. The manure collection areas between the walks 

 were treated and evaluated. The treatment blocks in houses 2 and k were 

 1 .kh m 2 . House 1 was divided in half, and chips and sand were put in 

 the back(A) and front(B) halves respectively (see Figure 12). Chips 

 were added until they were an average of 5 cm higher than the walk 

 after spreading. Equivalent amounts of sand were added to the assigned 

 blocks (Figure 12). House 3 was tilled, but no chips or sand was 

 added. After spreading chips and sand with rakes, all four houses were 

 tilled. Figures 13 and \k show the appearance of the chips before 

 spreading and after the initial tilling. Tilling continued on a daily 

 basis for only 11 days, at which time the poultryman decided to clean 

 out the houses. 



Resul ts . Sand was found to be ineffective for improving the con- 

 sistency of liquified manure. it was heavy and difficult to distribute 

 in the houses. When moistened by the manure, the sand became even 



