95 



period required for larval development, but sugar increased the average 

 adult life span 9 times. The average life span for adults when sugar 

 was not included in the diet was 2 days compared to 18 days for adults 

 having access to sugar. By the time adults were 2 weeks old. mortality 

 averaged 20% in groups consuming sugar and 90% in the group not consuming 

 sugar (Figure 19). 



Females lived for an average of 20 days and outlived males by an 

 average of 3 to h days. Individual males and females were kept alive 

 in the laboratory for 36 and 39 days respectively. Sex ratios were 

 50:50 when the totals of both sexes from all four tests were combined 

 and subjected to a chi square analysis. 



Larval viability study. To evaluate the effects of fortified and 

 unfortified larval diets on larval development, 700 ml of each diet were 

 loosely placed in four 1000-ml pyrex beakers. Sixty first-instar larvae 

 of 0. aenescens were added to each beaker. Beakers were covered with 

 fine nylon screen and placed in the growth chamber. When adults began 

 to emerge, remaining pupae were separated from the media by flotation, 

 dried, weighed, and set aside for emergence of remaining adults. After 

 adults emerged, empty pupal cases were reweighed. 



Resu 1 ts. The number of pupae, the per cent pupation, the numerical 

 and per cent larval emergence, and the larval viability of 0. aenesaens 

 reared in fortified and unfortified larval diets are shown in Table 7. 

 Fortification of the larval diet significantly increased the number of 

 pupae that formed and the number of adults that emerged. The per cent 

 viabilities of the larvae grown in the fortified and unfortified diets 

 were 52.5 and 3.8% respectively. Development time from larvae to adults 

 was 14 days for both diets. There was no significant difference in pupal 



