50 



ORDER CHIROPTERA.— GENUS VESPERTILIO. 



external membrane is deeply scooped, and abuts at the commissure 

 of the lips ; the tragus is long and pointed ; the posterior parts of the 

 ears are clad. The cutaneous system is highly developed, very thin, and 

 diaphanous: the tail is very long, and the interfemoral membrane wide. 

 The fur is very long, bushy, fine, and silky, bi-coloured throughout. 

 The superior parts of the body are black, somewhat grizzly, from the 

 tips of the hair being light brown ; the inferior parts are also black, but 

 more grey, the tips being white ; the whole of the pubis and the base of 

 the flanks and interfemoral membrane, are pure white. The ears are 

 black, the membranes diaphanous, ash-grey colour veined with white. 

 Their entire length is nearly three and a half inches, their expanse ten. 

 —(Fig. in Riipp. Zool. Atl. p. 73.) 



30. V. D'ASYTHRIX — THE BUSHY-HAIRED BAT. 



This new species has been transmitted from the interior of Caffraria, 

 by M. Verreaux, of Paris, and now forms a part of the Leyden Museum. 

 It is remarkable for the great development of its membranes, its broad, 

 obtuse muzzle, its great ears, and its woolly fur. Its great muzzle is 

 covered with abundant fur to the very point, and two braids of hair are 

 conspicuous, arrayed like moustachios ; the ears are broader than high, 

 orbicular, and somewhat angular at their points ; a fold projects to the 

 commissure of the lips, and externally they are half covered with fur ; the 

 tragus is short and roundish. The articulation of the foot, with the metatarsus, 

 isquitefree. The tail is very long, with the membrane developed. The fur is 

 of medium length, but extraordinarily bush}', cottony, and heavy; the face 

 is also remarkably hairy ; the base of the interfemoral membrane is clad 

 onlv on the upper side, while the alar is only below, with trans- 

 parent hairs. The membranes are very ample. The colour of the up- 

 per parts of the body, the head and whiskers, is a dull black, .that 

 of the lower smoke-black ; the membranes are a light black. The total 

 length is nearly four inches, the breadth ten. 



31. V. ISABELLINUS THE ISABELLE BAT. 



This is another new species which has been sent to the Leyden 

 Museum, by the Dutch Consul, M. Clifford van Breugel, from Tripoli, 

 where it abounds. It is about the size of the Parii-coloured Bat of 

 Europe, with forms nearly resembling the murinus. The muzzle is 

 obtuse, the ears broad, ovoide, with a longitudinal and salient fold at the 

 anterior margin ; a distinct lobe terminates the posterior border, and ex- 

 tends to the commissure of the lips ; the tragus is short and leaf-shaped, 

 the tail free at the point. All the membranes are naked, and very dis- 

 tinctly veined. The two central incisors are bilobed in the young, and 

 pointed in the adult. The fur is of medium length, fine and silky. The 

 superior parts in the adult are of a beautiful isabelle tint ; the point of the 

 muzzle and lips are black ; all the inferior parts of a very light isabelle 

 hue ; the external base of the ear is covered with hair ; the membranes 

 are blackish-brown, abundantly veined with yellowish lines ; a consider- 

 able portion of the tail is free at the tip. The total length is about four 



and a half inches, the expanse twelve (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 52. 



Figs. 1 and 2.) 



32. V. MEGALURUS.— THE LARGE-WINGED BAT. 



The body of this Bat is slender, with a depressed head, the muzzle 

 pointed, and the nostrils approximated, whilst the membranes are ex- 

 ceedingly developed. The ears are moderate, distant, pointed at the 

 extremity. The tragus very long, shaped like the willow-leaf; the tail is 

 very long, and the extremity free ; the internal incisors are long and 

 converging, the external scarcely visible. The fur is long, smooth, silky, 

 and bi-coioured throughout ; above, blackish at the base, and olive-brown 

 at the point, and brown at the root, beneath ; the colour of the neck 

 and abdomen is ash-brown, of the flanks, isabelle, of the pubis, white. 

 The entire length is about four inches and three lines, the breadth 

 twelve. The V. Capensis of Mr Gray, (Zool. Journ. IV. p. 435,) M. 

 Temminck suspects to be the young of this species. This animal was 

 sent to Leyden from Central Africa, but nothing is known of its habits. 



33. V. TRICOLOR.— THE TRI-COLOURED BAT. 



An account of this species was supplied in the Fauna Capensis of M. 

 Smuts, (p. 106.) Its head is longer than it is broad ; the muzzle is ob- 

 tuse, and the mouth not much cleft ; the ears are long, turned over at 

 the point, and cut out externally ; the tragus is long, leaf-shaped, in- 

 clined outwards; the hair is smooth, short, tri-coloured above, bi-colour- 

 ed below. The fur on the upper parts of the body is black, brown at the 

 root, yellowish-white in the middle, and a beautiful red at the point, so 

 that, on the whole, these parts appear of a very yellow hue ; all the in- 

 ferior parts have the fur brown at the base, and yellowish-white towards 

 the tip ; a slight rosy tint is distributed over the sides of the neck and chest , 



the membranes are dark brown. The length is nearly four inches, the 

 breadth between twelve and thirteen. 



34. V. EPICHRYSUS.— THE GOLDEN BAT. 



The Golden Bat is described in M. Smut's Fauna, (p. 106,) and is re- 

 garded as new by M. Temminck. Its habitat is the environs of the 

 Cape. The total length is about four inches, the expanse twelve. The 

 ears are of medium length, straight, pointed, and much scooped out at 

 their upper external margin ; the tragus is straight, and lance-shaped ; 

 the muzzle somewhat obtuse, the nostrils approximated, the tail verv 

 long. The fur is abundant, short, and smooth ; the hairs parti-coloured'; 

 those on the upper part of the body brown at the root, yellowish-white 

 in the middle, bright red and shining at the tip ; underneath, they are 

 brown at the base, and of a light rosy hue at the point ; the membranes 

 are brown and perfectly naked. 



35. V. PLATYCEPHALUS.— THE FLAT-HEADED BAT. 



As expressed by the name, the head of this Bat is extremely depressed, 

 and the chanfrin flattened ; the face is obtuse, very broad, and the 

 mouth has a large gape ; the ear extends laterally, and is as broad as 

 high, half clad above, rounded towards the point ; it is prolonged beneath, 

 and abuts at the commissure of the lips in a large membranous ap- 

 pendage ; the operculum turns inwards. The fur is bushy, woolly, and 

 parti-coloured ; above, blackish at the base, and very brown at the tip ; 

 beneath, blackish-brown at the root, and a brownish-white at the point ; 

 the pubic region is white ; the interfemoral membrane is half clad above 

 and naked beneath. The entire length is three inches, breadth nine. 

 It is common in the neighbourhood of the Cape, and has been described 

 by M. Smuts {Diss. Zool. Cap. 107.) 



36. V. MINUTA THE PIGMY BAT. 



Dr Horstok, of Cape Town, has transmitted several specimens of this 

 Bat to Leyden, from which its celebrated professor has supplied the 

 description. In its habits it resembles our Pipistrelle, preferring woody 

 districts supplied with water, in the southern regions of Africa. Though 

 smaller than the Pipistrelle, it much resembles it in its general forms. 

 The ears are oval, and as broad as high ; the tragus, leaf-shaped, round 

 at the point, and half the length of the auricle. The muzzle is naked, 

 studded with a few transparent hairs. The fur is short, bi-coloured 

 throughout, being, above, black at the root, and dark-brown at the point; 

 and beneath, black at the base, and light-brown at the tip ; the mem- 

 branes black, the outer incissors are in close apposition with the canines, 

 and very small ; the inner are long and bifid. The entire length is two 

 and a half inches, the breadth seven. 



37. V. TEMMINCKII TEMMINCK'S BAT. 



It will be noted that this is not Vespertilio Temminckii of Dr Horsfield 

 and others, which has been described in a former page as a Roquet-dog 

 Bat, (see p. 44.) This animal was discovered by Riippell in a woody 

 district in Nubia ; seven were captured near Dongola, and are now in the 

 Francfort and Leyden Museums. The muzzle is obtuse ; the ears large, 

 nearly round, and without any distinct lobe ; the tragus leaf-shaped, 

 round at the point, and inclined towards the head; the membranes 

 totally naked and diaphanous; the interfemoral alone slenderly clad on 

 the upper side. The external incisors are so small that they scarcely 

 rise above the gum ; the others are like canines. The fur is short, but 

 abundant and smooth. The head, round the ears, part of the neck, and 

 all the superior portion of the body, is light grey; the lower part of the 

 neck, and inferior part of the body, are pure and shining white, the hair 

 being white from the root to the tip ; the membranes are grey, and have 

 no borders. The markings do not differ either in the sexes or young. 

 The length is three inches, the breadth seven. (Fig. in Riipp. Zool. Atl. 

 p. 17, pi. 6.; 



38. V. HESPERIDA.— THE EVENING BAT. 



Although not represented in Riippell's Atlas, this Bat seems to have 

 been procured by that able Naturalist : it was found on the shores of the 

 Red Sea, near the coast of Abyssinia, and specimens are found in the 

 German and Dutch Museums. The cutaneous system is not greatly 

 developed in proportion to the animal's size, which is nearly three inches 

 long. The muzzle is short and obtuse ; the ears also short, and as broad 

 as high ; the tragus leaf-shaped, and curved, with a round point ; the 

 interfemoral membrane veined lozenge-wise, slenderly clad at its base, and 

 all the limbs naked. The fur is short, smooth, and abundant, bi-coloured 

 throughout, being, above, black at the base, and rosy-brown at the tip ; 

 and beneath, black at the root, and rosy-grey at the point ; the end of the 



