THE PROPER BATS. 



51 



muzzle is very hairy, and black ; the membranes brown, and veined with 

 lines of a lighter brown colour. 



Section III. Asiatic Species. 



39. V. MOLOSSUS.— THE DOG-MOUTHED BAT. 



This is a new species, which has been lately sent to Holland, from 

 Japan, by M. Burger, and which will be represented in the forthcoming 

 Fauna Japonica. The muzzle is extremely obtuse, large, and broad, 

 similar to the snout of the Bull-dog Bats, and is clad to the nostrils, 

 which are wide apart. The cheek-bones are high ; the ears large, and 

 nearly round, and a fold extends from them to the commissure of the 

 lips ; the tragus is short, and lance-shaped, and the external half of the 

 auricle is covered with hair. The wings, which are far from broad, are 

 abundantly clad beneath, along the flanks ; the interfemoral membrane is 

 lar»e, and has a jutting out lobe at the heel. The inner pair of the in- 

 cisors are canine shaped, and the external quite resemble a strong and 

 short canine ; the six lower ones are tricuspid. The fur is silky, smooth, 

 and lustrous, and of one colour throughout. The mate, above, is of a 

 deep rosy-brown, beneath, of the shade of a decayed leaf. The female, 

 above, is of a lively rust-colour, beneath, like the male ; the membranes 

 are brownish-black. The length is five inches, the breadth fourteen. 



and edged with a white margin, whence its name ; they are more broad 

 than high, and scooped out at their external margin. The fur is long, 

 bushy, and very lustrous. The hairs are bicoloured : its robe above is 

 deep black, the tips being reddish-marone ; beneath the chest is black, 

 ■with red tips ; the abdomen black, with ash-coloured tips ; the base of 

 the ears is yellow, their edges yellowish-white ; the rest of the ears, and 

 all the membranes, are quite black. The length is four and a half inches, 

 the breadth twelve (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 53, figs. 3 and 4.) 



43. V. BRACHYPTERUS THE SHORT-WINGED BAT. 



The individual which supplied M. Temminck with the characters of 

 this Bat was captured at Padang, in Sumatra. The dimensions of this 

 animal were in length 3". 3'". in breadth 8." (French.) It is remarkable 

 for the shortness of its wings in relation to the size of its body. The 

 muzzle is obtuse, and remarkably broad ; the nostrils apart ; the ears are 

 large, and developed sidewise; they would be perfectly round save for 

 the scooping out on the external margin. The tragus is like an oval leaf, 

 of which the point is bare, and the base well clad. All the four upper 

 incisors are remarkably small. The fur is short and smooth, and ex- 

 tends along the upper part of the flanks, and round the coccyx, with the 

 appearance of a ribbon. The colour, above, is nearly a black-brown, 



beneath, amber-brown, with the membranes black (Fig. in Temm. 



Mon. II. pi. 53, figs. 5 and 6.) 



40. V. NOCTULINA.— THE NOCTULINE BAT. 



This species is described by M. Is. GeofFroy in Belanger's Voyage aux 

 Indes, and a specimen was sent by M. Duvaucel to the Paris Museum 

 from Bengal. The size of this individual was three inches two lines 

 TFrench) long, and eight inches six lines of expanse. It approximates in 

 characters to the Nodule Bat, and hence its name. Its dimensions are 

 nearly those of the Pipistrelle. The upper parts of the head and body 

 are of a russet-fawn colour, the under of a very light fawn, all the hairs 

 being lighter nearer their root than at the point. The alar membranes are 

 almost entirely naked, but the base of the interfemoral, on its upper side, 

 is covered with a few hairs of the same colour as those on the back. 

 The ears are of a triangular form, somewhat rounded ; the tragus is 

 straight, and elongated. The muzzle is naked at the point and sides. 



41. V. BLEPOTIS.— THE EAR-SEEING BAT. 



M. Temminck is the first who described this Bat, of which a great 

 many have been captured in the Indian Archipelago by the Netherland 

 Naturalists. It is characterized by the spheroid development of its ex- 

 ternal ear, which nearly surrounds the orbit, and has led to its appella- 

 tion, for it may truly be said to be a Bat whose eye is comprehended 

 within its ear. Its livery is different, at different periods of the year, the 

 result, it would appear, of a double moult. A great many have been 

 examined, and they are wonderfully constant in their markings. The 

 face of this animal is obtuse, the ears very short, quite round, and not 

 united, with their external margin directed forwards nearly to the com- 

 missure of the lips, and having a few short hairs within ; the tragus is 

 leaf-shaped, and inclined inwards. The head is small and short, and the 

 eyes nearly hid by the ears ; the body is stout ; and the tail as long as it 

 and the head put together ; the membranes very ample. The fur is 

 bushy, very short, close, cottony, smooth, and shining above, crisp be- 

 neath. The adult, in both sexes, has the head, neck, and shoulders, of 

 a deep marone colour, and the remaining superior parts perfectly black 

 and shining ; the chin, throat, and chest, are rosy-brown ; and the under 

 part of the body is a dull black ; the abdomen is a light brown, and the 

 alar membranes are clad underneath : this is their livery in the spring. 

 In autumn, all the upper parts are sooty-black, without a trace of the 

 marone-tint, and below greyish-black. In the month of January the fur 

 is parti-coloured, being of the marone-shade on the neck, and brown on 

 the chest. The entire length is between four and four and a half inches ; 

 the expanse twelve. This Bat is very common in Java, where, however, 

 it rarely appears in the plains, but in rocky and woody regions. It is 

 also noticed in the neighbouring islands, as far as Japan ; its retreats are 



in caverns and clefts of the rock, and hence its capture is difficult (Fig. 



in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 53, figs. 1 and 2.) 



42. V. CIRCUMDATUS THE EDGED BAT. 



We owe the discovery of this new species to MM. Boie and Macklot, 

 who have transmitted many specimens from Java to Leyden. The tail 

 and interfemoral membrane are short, and the latter is clad above, near 

 its base ; the muzzle is very short and obtuse ; the ears are broad, black, 



44. V. IMBRICATUS.— THE IMBRICATED BAT. 



This Java species, there called Loto-o4escar, is a striking representa- 

 tion of the European Pipistrelle, and hence M. Kuhl transmitted many 

 to Europe, under the name of the Pipistrelloid Bat ; as, however, Dr 

 Horsfield had the right of priority, (Zool. Research. Sp. 51,) thename he 

 affixed should, of course, be retained. One of the specimens in the 

 Leyden Museum is pie-bald, having the cutaneous system pure white, 

 irregularly marked with large brown spots, and is probably an albino. 

 The entire length of this species is about 3". ; the expanse 9". ; the ears 

 are broad, short, and nearly round ; the muzzle obtuse ; nostrils apart ; 

 the tragus short, obtuse, round ; a band of small and very fine hairs runs 

 the whole length of and underneath the vertebra of the tail, hence the 

 animal's name. The fur, short, smooth, and abundant, is differently 

 coloured in the two sexes. The male, above, is black-brown, or bistre- 

 coloured; beneath, is black, tipped reddish, giving the parts a falcon cast. 

 The female is, above, reddish-brown, and beneath, redder than in the 



male ; the young is generally fawn-coloured (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. 



pi. 54, Jigs. 1,2, 3.) 



45. V. PACHYPUS— THE THICK-FOOTED BAT. 



The size of this species is less than the common Bat of this country — 

 the Pipistrelle — and the expanse, especially, is less ; the thumb nail is 

 remarkably short, and supplied with a callosity. The head is very de- 

 pressed ; the muzzle obtuse ; the ears broader than high, and the lower 

 lobe large ; the tragus is short and roundish. The feet are remarkable, 

 the metatarsus being very long, and the toes very short ; the point of the 

 tail is free ; the cranium, likewise, and chanfrin, are depressed. The fur 

 is bicoloured, and without any apparent difference in the sexes; above, 

 it is of a beautiful marone-colour, more or less shining, the points of the 

 hair being of this colour, and their base golden red ; on the chest tne 

 hairs are brown, tipped with red; the abdomen is dull brown. The en- 

 tire length is about 3"., the expanse 7. This animal is well known in 

 Java and Sumatra, whence M. Van Hasselt has sent many to Europe — 

 (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 54, figs. 4, 5, 6.) 



46. V. MACROTIS THE GREAT-EARED BAT. 



This temarkable species may be easily distinguished, at the first glance, 

 from all its congeners, by the large size of the ears, compared to that of 

 the body, and by its cutaneous system, which is delicate, diaphanous, 

 and much veined. The face is obtuse ; the nostrils apart ; the ear is 

 large, and prolonged to the cheek ; the tragus is also large, like a curved 

 leaf. The inner pair of incisors are broad and bifid, the outer short and 

 pointed ; the six below are very small, fine, and smooth. The fur is of 

 mean length, smooth, and of one colour over the whole body, being a 

 bistre-brown, like the peel of the onion ; the muzzle is black. The 

 membranes are very diaphanous, somewhat brownish near the body, and 

 elsewhere of a pale white, covered throughout with numerous brown 

 veins ; the ears and all the toes are brown, and there is no difference in 

 the markings of the sexes. The entire length is 3"., the expanse a trifle 

 more than 8".— (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 54, figs. 7, 8.) 



