52 



ORDER CHIROPTERA.— GENUS VESPERTILIO. 



47. V. HARPYIA.— THE HARPY BAT. 



The Harpy Bat is remarkable for the shape of its snout, which, though 

 very obtuse, yet appears elongated, owing to its two nasal tubes, which 

 separate from each other, advance beyond the lips, and exhibit precisely 

 the configuration we have before described in the formation of Pallas', 

 Tube- nosed Roussette, Harpyia Pallasii. It is, moreover, dis- 

 tinguishable from all others, by its feet being clothed to the very nails, 

 and from its interfemoral being clad with transparent hairs above, and 

 painted below with numerous diagonal and concentric lines, formed by 

 small papillae, whence the diverging hairs arise. The incisors above 

 are of unequal length, those below are crowded, and bi-lobed. The fur 

 is abundant, long, and frizzled, cottony, and bi-coloured above, of one 

 colour beneath. The head, neck, and body, are of a beautiful whitish-grey, 

 but the points of the hair being of a lively red, confers on these parts a rosy 

 ash tint ; the alar membrane above, and the feet and toes, are covered with 

 bright red hair. Underneath the marking is reddish-grey, the sides of 

 the chest being red. The female is somewhat paler than the male. The 

 total length is four and a half inches, the width thirteen. Its habitat 

 is Java, where, however, it appears to be scarce, residing in caverns — . 

 (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 55, figs. 5, 6.) 



48. V. PAPILLOSUM— THE PIMPLED BAT. 



The body of this Bat is slim in proportion to the great expanse of the 

 wings ; the cutaneous system is much developed, and there is a row of 

 very small pimples, forming a border, which runs all along the interfemoral 

 membrane, and distinguishes this species from any other. The ears are 

 very distant, and broader than high, nearly round, and internally pro- 

 vided with a marked fold of the skin; there is, moreover, a longitudinal 

 fold, whereby the organ may be closed ; the tragus is very long, filiform, 

 and bodkin-like. The forehead is elevated, and the cranium round. The 

 fur is abundant, very bushy, soft, cottony, and frizzled ; above it is of a 

 deep brown colour, with a rosy tint at the point, all the rest, to the root, 

 being silvery-gre)'. The neck, chest, and coccyx, are reddish ; the flanks 

 are brown ; and the abdomen red. The membranes are very diaphanous, 

 and much veined ; the row of pimples is whitish, and not supporting any 

 hair. Total length, nearly four inches, breadth, twelve. This animal 

 has been procured both from Java and Sumatra, but appears scarce, M. 

 Temminck informing us that, whilst MM. Kuhl and Van Hasselt sent 

 home hundreds of others, they have only transmitted two specimens of 

 this (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 55, figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.) 



49. V. ADVERSUS THE CROSS-TOOTHED BAT 



This species is described by Dr Horsfield, in his Zoological Researches, 

 (No. viii. 2,) but must be rare, as M. Temminck has never received a 

 specimen of it. The teeth come within the usual formula, but the upper 

 incisors, though they have plenty of room, have such diverging points, that 

 the lobes of the teeth, on both sides, cross each other. The head is 

 conical; the chanfrin oblong; elevated at the back part; the muzzle is 

 broad ; the ears straight, obtuse, as long as the head, bent backwards, 

 and terminating by a small basal lobe. The interfemoral membrane is ir- 

 regularly veined, and marked with obscure points. Its length is three 

 inches, three lines ; its breadth ten inches. 



50. V. HARDWICKII HARDWICK'S BAT. 



General Hardwick's Bat was also first introduced to notice by Dr 

 Horsfield. It is not very common in Java; nor in Sumatra, where it 

 has also been found, does it appear to abound. In size it is somewhat 

 less than our Pipistrelle ; the ear is broader than high, scooped out in the 

 middle, furnished with a lobe, and abutting near the commissure of the 

 lips. This Bat, like the pimpled one, has a longitudinal fold, whereby 

 the organ is closed, the external border folding over the internal ; the 

 tragus is very long, and filiform. The muzzle is short and pointed ; the 

 membranes diaphanous ; the fur soft, cottony, and somewhat frizzled ; 

 above, it is of a light brownish-grey colour, and beneath, of a brownish- 

 grey, with the points of a rosy hue. The entire length is three inches, 

 breadth, eight — (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. figs. 7, 8, and 9.) 



51. V. PICTUS THE STRIPED BAT. 



The Pidus of Linnaeus, Pallas, Horsfield, and others, the Striped Bat 

 of Pennant, seems to be widely spread over the Continent of India ; it 

 also abounds in Java, Borneo, and Sumatra, although its existence in 

 Ceylon is more doubtful. During the day it finds a retreat at the foot, 

 and hides under the great leaves of the Musa sapientium. The ears are 

 large, oval, and slightly cut out at the external margin ; the operculum 

 is long and oval-shaped ; a border of short hairs runs along the edge of 

 the interfemoral membrane ; the feet are well covered with fur ; the fore- 

 head is elevated, and the cranium rounded. The fur is cottony, and much 



frizzled ; above, it is of a very shining golden-red colour, below, reddish, 

 the sides of the neck and flanks more decidedly so. The alar membranes 

 as far as the fingers, and the whole of the interfemoral, are more or less 

 reddish, and are especially red near the flanks, and at the coccyx ; be- 

 tween the fingers they are of a dull black ; a tinting which, though con- 

 spicuous on the living animal, cannot be perceived on the preserved 

 one. The length is three inches, the width, nine. — (Fig. in Temm. 

 Mon. II. pi. 56, figs. 1, 2, and 3.) 



52. V. SUILLUS.— THE SWINE BAT. 



This singular little Bat is most readily distinguished from its congeners 

 by many peculiar characters. Its small head terminates in a prominent 

 snout, in which there are two prominent tubes. Its ears, at their outer 

 margin, have a projection, which is furnished with a longitudinal fold ; 

 the tragus is long, filiform, and pointed ; the alar membranes are very 

 ample, and take their attachment from the feet, not at the first articula- 

 tion of the metatarsus of the external toe, but at its unguinal phalanx. 

 The tail is short, and the membrane cut transversely, so that its point 

 extends somewhat beyond it. The fur is bushy, long, woolly, and bi- 

 coloured ; the whole of the interfemoral membrane, having edges curv- 

 ed, as are the toes, with transparent hair. The upper parts of the body 

 are bright-red, the under, a pale isabelle-colour, the flanks ash-coloured, 

 the skin reddish. The total length is two and a half inches, the breadth, 

 seven and a half. This new species has been sent from Java, by the 

 Netherland Naturalists : it flies very rapidly, and, during the day, con- 

 ceals itself under the Musa sapientium. It is also found in Sumatra. — (Fig. 

 in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 56, figs. 4, 5, and 6.) 



53. V. HASSELTIL— HASSELT'S BAT. 



This remarkable species is distinguished by a dark fur, which is cottony, 

 and a very diaphanous cutaneous system; the alar membrane takes 

 its attachment from the apophysis of the tibia, leaving the metatarsus 

 free ; the muzzle is somewhat long ; the ears larger than wide, round 

 at the points; the tragus is lance-shaped, and obtuse at the extremity. 

 The very short fur is cottony throughout ; above, the colour is light 

 mouse-coloured, grey at the point, the roots being black, beneath, white ; 

 the interfemoral membrane has a fringe of transparent hairs, the nails 

 are white. The entire length is a trifle above 3", the width 9". 

 This species was captured by M. Van Hasselt in Java, and sent to 

 Leyden (Fig. in Temm. Mon. pi. 56, figs. 7 and 8.) 



54. V. HORSFIELDII HORSFIELD'S BAT. 



Horsfield's Bat is a new species, which has recently been sent from 

 the neighbourhood of Buitenzorg, in Java, to Leyden, and which the 

 distinguished Professor has designated after the able Naturalist whose 

 labours have added so much to our knowledge of the Natural History of 

 Java. Its size corresponds to that of the Barbastelle. Its muzzle is 

 pointed, and its nostrils somewhat tubercular. The ears of mean length, 

 are harrow, and somewhat inclined backwards, round at the end, and 

 scooped in the margin ; the tragus is straight, lance-shaped ; the toes are 

 long and strong ; the alar membrane takes its attachment from the base 

 of the metatarsus, and some very minute white bristles are studding over 

 the lower part of the interfemoral ; the point of the tail is free. The 

 odoriferous glands are large ; they commence beneath the nasal tubes, 

 and completely go round the orbits. The fur is of mean length, and 

 smooth, extending over the base of the interfemoral. In the male, all 

 the superior parts are black, the sides of the neck and the chest brown ; the 

 flanks dark grizzly ; there is a whitish streak along the medial line of the ab- 

 domen ; the female is somewhat more grey above. The length is somewhat 



above 3", the width, 10" (Fig. in Temm. Mon. pi. 56, figs. 9, 10, 



and 11.) 



55. V. TRALATITIUS.— THE TRALATITE BAT. 



The Tralatite Bat of Dr Horsfield, the Lowo-manir of the Malays, is 

 very common in Java, and is also found in Sumatra. The females have 

 one, and sometimes two, at a birth ; its habits are not unlike those of 

 the Pipistrelle. Its muzzle is very short, somewhat pointed ; the ears 

 oblong, and much scooped at their external margin ; the tragus is shaped 

 like the willow -leaf, with a round point ; the toes are very short, and 

 the membrane rises from the outer one. The interfemoral membrane is 

 chagrined beneath, and very fine, small, grey bristles rise in transversal 

 lines from the projecting points. The odoriferous glands are placed on each 

 side of the muzzle, near the nostrils, and extend above the eyes, with- 

 out surrounding the organ, their colour being light yellow. The fur is 

 cottony, very abundant, though short and smooth ; above, it is quite black, 

 with a drab-brown tip; beneath, it is also black, with the tips white. The 

 length is three inches, the width about eleven. — (Fig. in Temm. Mon, II. 

 pi. 57, figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.> 



