54 



ORDER CHIROPTERA.— GENUS VESPERTILIO. 



willow leaf, and half the length of the concha ; the point of the tail is 

 free. The fur is bi-coloured throughout, the upper parts being of a ma- 

 rone-brown, the roots being dark ash-colour ; the inferior parts are ash- 

 yellow, having the roots brown. The total length about 2i", the ex- 

 panse 10". This species is frequently captured at Charlestown — (Fig. 

 in Temm. Mon. II. fig. 1.) 



66. V. CAROLII I>RINCE CHARLES' BAT. 



The Prince of Musignano has presented many specimens of this Bat 

 to the Leyden Museum, which, not having been previously described, 

 M. Temminck lias affixed his name to : it has been captured in the 

 neighbourhood of Philadelphia and New York. It is of the size and 

 forms of the Pipistrelle, but with longer ears. The face is obtuse ; the 

 nostrils wide apart ; the ears of medium size, oval, somewhat scooped 

 out at the external margin, without lobe or anterior prolongation. The 

 fur is everywhere bi-coloured. The cheeks, sides of the neck, and all 

 the upper parts of the body, are of a russet-brown, the roots of the hair 

 being black; beneath, the colour is yellowish-white at the point, and 

 deep brown at the root, so that, on the -whole, the tint is yellowish-ash. 

 When a year old, the wing is more sombre. The total length is nearly 

 3|", the expanse 9". 



67. V. ERYTHRODACTYLUS.— THE RED- TOED BAT. 



It is to the same distinguished Naturalist we are indebted for the dis- 

 covery and first description of this Bat, which has been procured in the 

 neighbourhood of Philadelphia. It is less than the Pipistrelle. All 

 the fore-arm, the base of the fingers, and the interdigital membrane of 

 the first finger, are red, the other parts of the membranes are black. 

 The ears are clad from their base to more than a half of their extent ; 

 they are small and oval ; the tragus is willow-shaped ; the tail is very 

 long, and has the tip exclusively free; the interfemoral membrane is 

 about half clad above, and radiated beneath, in lozenge-shaped veins, 

 whence veiy short bristles arise, somewhat distant from each other. The 

 fur is long, fine, and silky above ; tri-coloured, and bi-coloured below. 

 All the superior parts have a reddish-brown tint, somewhat yellowish 

 about the head and neck, the hairs being black at the base, then yellowish, 

 and lastly, reddish-brown ; the upper part of ttie interfemoral membrane 

 is abundantly clad ; beneath, it is deep brown at the base, and reddish- 

 brown towards the margin. The length reaches to 3", the breadth to 8". 



68. V. FERRUGINEUS THE FERRUGINOUS BAT. 



This species has been sent to Leyden from Dutch Guiana. It is 

 about the size, and has the general appearance of Daubenton's Bat; the 

 muzzle is short and obtuse ; the ears narrow, scooped out at the poste- 

 rior margin, and towards the point; the tragus short, and shaped like the 

 willow leaf; the tail very long, with a free point, with a part of the root co- 

 vered with hair ; the toe nails of a yellow-white colour. Of the four upper 

 incisors, the two internal are long, broad, and sharp edged, the external 

 short and bifid. The fur is short and smooth, and bi-coloured through- 

 out. Above, the colour is of a dead leaf, or reddish, more or less pure, 

 the base being blackish-brown ; beneath, all the hairs at the root have 

 a reddish-black hue, and are pure white towards the tip. These two tints 

 in a short fur form a medley of black and white. The membranes and 

 ears, in the specimens kept in spirits-of-wine, are reddish-brown. The 



total length is somewhat above 4", the expanse about 12". (Fig. in 



Temm. Mon. II. pi. 58, fig. 2.) 



69. V. VELATUS.— THE VEILED BAT. 



This is the Plecotus Velalus of M. Isidore GeofFroy, (Ann. des Scien. 

 Nat. III. p. 446,) but as the ears are not united in the front, it could, 

 with no propriety whatever, be so placed. It is somewhat less than the 

 Long-eared Bat of Europe, (No. 5,) and the ears are not so long, but 

 broader, and more developed ; the two ears, without being united, touch 

 each other, on the menial line of the cranium, through means of a lateral 

 prolongation ; they have two longitudinal folds, one internal, running 

 from the base to the point, and the other forms the sloping prolongation. 

 The tragus is half the length of the ear, and is shaped like a long leaf; 

 the muzzle is long, the nostrils approximate, and are tubular ; a part of 

 the face is naked ; the interfemoral membrane is broad, and supported to 

 half its extent by the metatarsal spurs. The fur is short, but fine and 

 soft. The superior parts are of a shining blackish-brown hue ; the in- 

 ferior are of an ash-brown colour, shaded with grey near the pubis, and 

 becoming whitish-grey on the fur of the posterior extremities. The inte- 

 rior incisors are long, strong, and converging ; the external so small as 

 to be scarcely visible. The entire length is about 4", the expanse 12". 



This species is common in Brazil (Fig. in Temm. Mon. II. pi. 58, 



fig. 3.) 



70. V. HILARIL— ST. HILAIRE'S BAT. 



The size of this Bat does not quite equal that of the Serotine of 

 Europe. The ears are small, triangular, nearly as broad as high, but lit- 

 tle scooped out at the external margin, and clad at their base ; the traguj 

 is of a prolonged form. The body is nearly as long as the arm and fore- 

 arm put together ; the tail as long as the fore-arm, and supporting an in- 

 terfemoral membrane, which is quite naked. The fur is variable, passing 

 above, from a black-brown to a marone-brown, and below, from grey to 

 reddish-brown. The total length, according to M. Geoffrey, (Ann. des 

 Scien. III. 441,) is 4|", and the expanse 1 1 i", (French.) This species, 

 which was captured in the Brazil missions, requires further elucidation. 



71. V. NIGRICANS THE DARK-COLOURED BAT. 



Prince de Wied Neuwied, who was the first to take notice of this 

 species, (Natur. Brasil, p. 267,) states, that captured near the river Iri- 

 tiba, it has resemblance to the Obscure Brown, the 12th Bat of D'Azara, 

 and indicated by M. Geoff'roy (Ann. du Mus.) as the V- Albescens. It 

 is a very small species, with a very small head and short snout ; the 

 ears are of medium length, roundish at their internal edge, straight at | 

 their external, and with a round point turned outwards ; the tragus is 

 nearly half the size of the concha, very narrow, linear, and pointed; 

 the tail is half the length of the body, and wholly engaged in the mem- 

 brane. The alar membranes are straight and long. The fur, over the 

 whole body, is a very deep greyish-brown, approaching to black, al- 

 though the abdomen is a trifle lighter than the back. The total length is 

 nearly 3", the expanse 9". 



72. V. LEUCOGASTER.— THE WHITE-BELLIED BAT. 



It is to the Prince de Wied Neuwied that we are also indebted for our 

 knowledge of this Bat, which was discovered on the banks of the Mucuri, 

 in the forests which bordered the streams, where it hooked itself during 

 the day to old trees, after almost touching the water. The head is li 

 short, the muzzle very short, and obtuse, with the nostrils apart ; the 

 ears are long, straight, with the terminating edge round, and not sloped; 

 the tragus of medium size, straight, slender, and pointed ; the delicate 

 point of the tail is free. One-third of the interfemoral membrane is 

 covered with hair ; the claws of the toes are strong, and covered with 

 hair. The fur is bushy and silky, especially over the muzzle, and the 

 former is covered with hair. The superior parts are of a blackish- 

 brown colour, the tips of the hair being yellowish-grey ; the throat and 

 sides of the chest are blackish-brown ; the middle of the chest is pale 

 brownish-grey, and the abdomen greyish -white. The hairs of the sides 

 which cover the alar membrane are whitish. The total length is 

 3", the width 10" (Fig. in Atlas Beitriig. Natur. Brazil, 13 livraison.) 



73. V. ALBESCENS THE HOARY BAT. 



This is the Bat, No. 12, of D'Azara, (Quad, du Parag. II. 294,) 

 which cannot with any propriety be identified with the Nigricans dwelt 

 upon above. M. Natterer likewise found it in the Brazils, and has 

 supplied specimens to many of the European Museums. It is nearly of 

 the same dimensions of the most common Bat of this country, the Pipis- 

 trelle ; the expanse, however, and the ears, are somewhat larger ; the 

 ear is rather long, pointed, and curved backwards ; the tragus is straight, 

 awl-shaped, pointed; the muzzle, too, somewhat prolonged and pointed, 

 the nostrils tubular and divided. The fine points of the hair of the 

 back are brown, those of the coccygeal region brownish-grey, often 

 whitish. The fur is long and abundant. The entire length is little more 

 than 3", the width than 8". 



74. V. LACTEUS THE MILKY BAT. 



This is a new species introduced to notice, like many others, by M. 

 Temminck. It possesses the size and general appearance of the Pipistrelle; 

 but the flying apparatus is scrimp and feeble in relation to the size of 

 the animal's body ; the base of the interfemoral is clad ; the ears are short ; 

 the tragus very short, and lance-shaped. The fur is long, very bushy, 

 and smooth, and pure white all over. All the hairs on the upper parts 

 of the body are of two colours, blackish-brown at the base, and pure 

 white near the point ; on the inferior parts they are reddish-brown at the 

 base, and pure white at the points ; the membranes are yellow. The 

 robe, therefore, is completely white when the hairs are lying down, but 

 parti-coloured when the hair is disturbed. The total length is nearly 

 3", the expanse 7". It is clear that this species should not be re- 

 garded as an Albino, two individuals in every respect similar having 

 been observed. Another and stronger reason also opposes this idea, 

 namely, that if these individuals were Albinos, the whiteness of the hair* 



