10 Li. <le Nicevillc — Butterflies of Ilunijkong in Southern China. [No. 1, 



Donovan, Ins China (Wefltwood'fl edition), p. 63, pi. xxxiv, figs. 1, 2, female (1842) ; 

 Charaxcs bernnrdus, Bntler, Cat. Fab. Lep. B. M., p. 50, n. 2 C18R9) ; Walker, Trans. 

 Ent. Soc. Lond., 1895, p. 459, n. 53 ; Earidra bernordus, Moore, Lep. Tnd., vol. ii, p. 

 246 (1896); Dozocopa epilais, Hubner, Verz. bek. Scbmett., p. 50, n. 464 (1816). 



My material from Hongkong can superficially be broken up into 

 two distinct groups, one with pale tawny bands on the upper side of 

 both wings, of which I Lave four males and one female, the males are 

 dated 17th and 26th April, and oth December, while one has no date ; 

 tbe female also bears no date : the other with white bauds, of which 

 I have two pairs, one male is dated 14th July, the other is undated ; 

 one female is dated 21st July, the other bears no date. P. polyxena 

 was originally described from China, and my single tawny banded 

 example of that sex agrees very well with Cramer's figure, but that the 

 " tail " to the binding from the third median nervule is much longer 

 (in Cramer's specimen it was probably broken off), and the dark and 

 light markings of both wings on the underside are more strongly 

 contrasted in Cramer's figure than in my specimen. The tawny banded 

 males are extremely constant, and differ but little from my female ; 

 the "tail" to the hind wing is of course much shorter, and the sub- 

 marginal series of black spots on the upperside of that wing instead 

 of being each centred with a white spot has the anteriormost spot in 

 one instance and the two anteriormost spots in three instances so 

 marked. Of the white banded group in one male the band consists of 

 four portions divided by the veins, the anterior the smallest, the 

 posterior the largest, with a minute white spot anterior to the first of 

 these with no spots beyond it whatever ; in my other male the band 

 consists of eight spots, there being two (instead of one as in the first- 

 described specimen) in the upper discoidal interspace, and another in 

 the subcortal interspace, as well as the one on the sutural area. The 

 markings of the hindwing on the upperside also differ in my two male 

 specimens, in the first described of these the discal band is fulvoas, 

 in the latter it is anteriorly white. My two white banded females also 

 differ the one from the other, and neither of them agree with Donavon's 

 figure, as that figure shows no discal band on the upperside of the 

 hindwing, while in my specimens this band is prominent. In my two 

 examples one has on the upperside of the forewing three fulvous-white 

 spots anterior to the third median nervule, which are absent in the other. 

 My specimens agree fairly well with Dr. Moore's description of that sex 

 under the name of H. bemardus. Mr. J. 0. Westwood remarked on 

 Donovan's figures that " This uncommonly rare Chinese butterfly has 

 not been figured in any other work. Fabricius described it only from 

 the drawings of Jones. 1 possess a specimen in which the central 



