56 



Mr. Winch's Flora of Northumberland, fyc. 



Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 62 ; Gr. Fl. Eds. 183; With, 

 iii. 968 ; Berwick Flora, 189. 

 Rare in the north of England. In corn fields on 

 Millfield Plain, N. In Tweedmouth fields. — 

 Thompson's Berwick Plants. Between Anick 

 Grange and Corbridge, N. — Mr. F. Scott. Near 

 Conniscliffe. — Mr. Backhouse. Near Norton, 

 Seaton, and Stainton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. In 

 corn fields near Berwick, but not common. — Dr. 

 G. Johnston. On Alnwick Moor, N. — Miss 

 Forster, delin. 



4. C. Scabiosa. Greater Knapweed. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 467 ; Eng. Bot. 56 ; Gr. Fl. 



Eds. 183; With. iii. 971. 

 On the bordersof fields, particularly on the Magnesian 



Limestone in the county of Durham. 



5. C. Calcitrapa. Common Star-thistle. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 468; Eng. Bot. 125; With. 

 iii. 971, 



On fjie west end of St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N., 

 where it has been naturalized for many years. On 

 Hebburn and Jarrow ballast-hills, D. 



SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA NECESSA- 

 RIA. 



343. CALENDULA. 

 1. C. arvensis. Field Marigold. 



With. iii. 972 ; Wild. Sp. PI. iii. 2339. 

 Naturalized on Sunderland ballast -hills, D. — W. 



Weighell's Herb. 

 Scarcely entitled to a place in an English Flora, 

 though admitted by the late Dr. Withering. 



GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. 



344. ORCHIS. 



1. O. Ufolia. Butterfly Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 9 ; Eng. Bot. 22 ; Curt. Lond. 

 Fasc. vi. t. 65 ; Berwick Flora, 191 ; With. ii. 

 27; Halcnarm Mfolia, Gr. Fl. Eds. 185. 



/3 Ray, Syn. 380. 



« In meadows at Gibside, Beamish, Medomsley, 

 Eglestone, Witton-le-Wear, Dinsdale, and Castle 

 Eden, D. Near Woolcoats, Rothbury, Shewing- 

 shields, Cambo, and Wallington, N. On moun- 

 tainous meadows, N. — Wallis, 22S. On moors in 

 the vicinity of Berwick, but not frequent. — Dr. G. 

 Johnston. 



/3 In barren pastures near Fox Hill, between Norton 

 and Sadbergh, six miles from Norton, D. — J. 

 Hogg, Esq. 



2. O. pyramidalis. Pyramidal Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 10 ; Eng. Bot. 110 ; Hook. Fl. 

 Scot. 251 ; Lond. t. 106 ; With. ii. 29. 



In fields on the Magnesian Limestone near Hough- 

 ton-Ie-Spring, Castle Eden, and Hartlepool ; on 

 the coast south of Sunderland, also near Whitburn, 

 Cleadon, Fullwell, and at Rocoe Gill, D. Near 

 Gilsland, Haltwhistle, and Wooler, N. In the 

 meadows on the north and north-west side of Crag 

 Lake, under the Roman Wall, N.— Wallis, 227. 



3. O. Morio. Meadow Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl.iv. 11 ; Eng. Bot. 2059 ; Curt. Lond. 

 Fasc. iii. t. 59 ; Hook. Fl. Scot. 250 ; With. ii. 

 29. 



On Dunstan Haughs, D., near Prudhoe, N., and in 



similar situations, but not common. 

 It does not occur in the vicinity of Berwick. 



4. O. musculo,. Early Purple Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 11 ; Eng. Bot. 631 ; Woodv. t. 

 90 ; Berwick Flora, 191 ; Curt. Lond. Ease. ii. 

 t. 62 ; Hook. Fl. Scot. 250 ; With. ii. 30. 



In woods in Northumberland and Durham, frequent, 

 also on the coast between South Shields and Sun- 

 derland, D. 



5. O. ustulata. Dwarf Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 12 ; Eng. Bot. 18; With. ii. 31 ; 

 Hook. Lond. t. 36. 



On Fulwell and Boldon Hills, on the sea coast near 

 Marsden Cottage and Ryhope, and in pastures near 

 the new bridge at Lambton Gate, D. At Bay- 

 dales, D. — Mr. Backhouse. On the east side of 

 Cleadon Hills, D.— Mr. R. Waugh and Mr. J. 

 Thornhill. 



6. O. albicla. White Cluster-rooted Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 18 ; Satyrium albidum, Eng. Bot. 

 505 ; With. ii. 39 ; Hcibcnaria albida, Hook. 

 Lond. t. 107; Gr. Fl. Eds. 185. 



In pastures at Shewing Shields near the Roman Wall, 

 also near RoadleyLake, Fallowlees Bourn, and Bay- 

 bridge above Blanchlarrd, N. At the north end of 

 Crag Close near Barwesford. — Wallis, 229. In a 

 field between Cambo and the Close Houses, N. — 

 Miss Emma Trevelyan. Near Winch Bridge, and 

 between Whey Syke and Widdy Bank, also on the 

 banks of Nucton Bourn, D. 



7. O. viridis. Frog Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 20 ; Satyrium viride, Eng. Bot. 

 94 ; With. ii. 37 ; Habenaria viridis, Hook. 

 Lond. t. 130; Fl. Scot. 252. 



In meadows at Chester-le- Street, Lambton, Beamish, 

 Urpeth, Castle Eden, Murton, Sunderland, Shin- 

 cliffe, and Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. Between 

 Norton and Sadbergh, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. Near 

 Low Park End, Gilsland, and Blanchland, N. 

 Near Wallington. — Miss Emma Trevelyan. At 

 the north end of Crag Close near Barwesford. — 

 Wallis, 229. In Hulne woods near Alnwick, N. — 

 Mr. J. Davison. 



8. O. latifolia. Marsh Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 21 ; Eng. Bot. 2308; Berwick- 

 Flora, 192; Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 65; Hook. 

 Fl. Scot. 25) ; With. ii. 33 ; Ii Dill. Ray's Svn. 

 382. 



« In bogs and marshy meadows, not rare. /S at Prest- 

 wick Carr, N. 



Smith remarks that this variety has not been noticed 

 since the time of Dillenius; it differs from a in 

 having flowers of a full rose-red colour. I have ga- 

 thered it in North Wales as well as in Northumber- 

 land, and am inclined to think it is not very rare, 

 but has been overlooked by modern Botanists. 



9. O. mamdata. Spotted Palmate Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 22 ; Eng. Bot. 632 ; Hook. Fl. 

 Scot. 251 ; Lond. t. 112; With. iii. 34; Ber- 

 wick Flora, 192. 



In woods, meadows, and pastures, frequent. 



10. O. conopsea. Aromatic Orchis. 



Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 23 ; Eng. Bot. 10 ; With. ii. 



35 ; Berwick Flora, 192 ; Gymnadenia conopsea, 



Gr. Fl. Eds. 184. 

 In Castle Eden and Dalton Dene, and in meadows 



near Urpeth, Beamish, Tanfield, Witton-le-Wear, 



