Mr. Hutton on the Stratiform Basalt. 



195 



No. 3 — Ideal Sketch across the STUBLICK DYKE at the foot of Blackburn. 



Depressed f «* 



Mountain limestone 

 formation 



To the north of the Dyke the country is low and flat, compared with 

 that to the south, and the beds rise rapidly out towards the north, 

 .whilst south of the Dyke their position is not altered by their approach 

 to it.* 



At Silversides, near Kirk House, north of the Dyke, a small patch 

 of the Whin Sill may be seen, overlaid by a hardened Shale bed (used 

 by the children for slate pencils), and a Limestone, all dipping rapidly 

 south, or towards the Dyke. The Whin appears again cropping out a 

 little south-east of Car-Netley farm house, and a small patch of it 

 also is seen in the form of a round hillock, near the turnpike road, a 



* It is by the action of this Dyke in depressing the whole formation, that coal of a very 

 superior quality exists close to the New Red Sandstone, a circumstance of immense import- 

 ance to many of those who dwell upon it, Carlisle itself drawing much of its supply from 

 this spot. The depression of the surface by the Dyke is so great that cultivated land here 

 occurs from side to side of the Island, in the only spot (I believe) from the north of Scot- 

 land to the south of Derbyshire, and, from the same circumstance, the railway, now con- 

 structing, which will unite the east and west seas, here passes its summit level at the height 

 of about 500 feet. 



