THE COMMITTEE'S ADDRESS. 269 
many interesting species, in various departments were observed, 
your Committee have none to record as new to the district. 
The Second Field Meeting was held at Hazleden Dene; but the 
extremely unfavourable state of the weather, caused the attend- 
ance to be very scanty. A few members, however, passed through 
the Dene, but nothing of any consequence was noticed. 
The Third Field Meeting, of the year, was held by the invi- 
tation of Thomas Sopwith, Hsq., F.R.S., at Allenheads, where 
that gentleman had made every arrangement both for entertain- 
ing the party, and for aiding in the investigations, for which they 
had assembled. The members, about twenty in number, visited 
the Allen Smelt-Mills, where they were shown every attention, 
by the principal manager, Mr. Thomas Steel. On the arrival of 
the party at Allenheads, Mr. Sopwith suggested, and his plan 
was adopted, that the party should form themselves into three 
divisions ; one to visit the interior of the lead mines ; the second 
to botanize on the adjacent moors ; and, the third to view the 
exterior of the mines, and to examine the geological features of 
the district. After being suitably equipped, the first party de- 
scended the mine, and were shown the several processes of min- 
ing operations, and also the principal phenomena of the veins, 
and the manner in which the ore is distributed in veins or 
strings, which are perpendicular or nearly so, or in flat workings, 
where the lead is found in a horizontal position, for a limited 
distance, seldom exceeding a few fathoms, on the side of the 
veins. The party, formed for examining the exterior of the 
mines, and the general geology of the district, were conducted 
by Mr. Sopwith, to a point from whence they could see an ex- 
tensive range of country, especially in a northern direction, ex- 
tending to the borders of Scotland, and embracing geological 
features of great magnitude and importance. Amongst these 
are the Burtree-Ford Dyke, which cuts off many of the principal 
lead veins ;—the line of dislocation of the Stublick Dyke, which 
has the effect of throwing down a part of the Newcastle Coal- 
field, into the midst of the Carboniferous or Mountain-limestone 
district ; and beyond this, a prominent line is formed by the 
bassett of the basaltic rocks, on which the Roman wall is founded. 
