70 EFFECTS OF THE SEVERE WINTER OF 1860-1, UPON 
every nursery, and its rapid growth. In some few instances its 
branches have been deprived of vitality by the frost, which has 
rent the bark, and thus shown how narrowly this southern form of 
the Holly has escaped annihilation here. Though growing so 
quick while young, our cold winds soon check its upward adyance- 
ment. It attains not the height of the native Holly of our 
woods. 
All the species of Laurustinus haye been cut down, but are 
springing well; which is also true of those comparatively few 
plants of Arbutus unedo, that have been cultivated in our north 
eastern county, except that in sheltered spots, near the sea, it 
claims a hardier character. Yet even near the Cheviots, it has 
stood nearly twenty years, though killed in 1854-5. 
Garria elliptica is an interesting evergreen shrub from Vir- 
ginia and Carolina, very robust in its growth, and distinguished 
by its fine show of long pendulous catkins in sprmg. I have 
reason to believe that it will succeed better in our snowy upland 
climates than elsewhere, but it will not bear to be overshaded. 
Reverting to resinous Trees, our experience here of Abves 
Morinda, the beautiful spruce of the Himalaya, accords with 
that of Sir Charles Monck. It is easily deprived of its leading 
shoots by frost, or paralysed for a season by the loss of its ter- 
minal buds. At Edinburgh it succeeds much better, though 
paralysed throughout the present summer. 
Abies Webbiana and Pindrow are too early in their spring 
vegetation for our inconstant northern climate. They lose their 
terminal shoots almost every other spring; neither do their fine 
long pectinated spinelets acquire anything like full development 
here. 
Abies Pinsapo, from the mountains of Andalusia, is wonder- 
fully hardy—a pretty fir of small stature; but its near congener, 
A. Cephalonica, vegetates much too early, and is continually dis- 
figured by withered buds. 
In this district, of the vale of Wooler, the Wellingtonia has 
been successfully cultivated : the extreme cold of last winter, 
and two trying winters preceding, not having even scorched or 
discoloured its verdure. At Roddam, on the very skirts of the 
a 
